Papilio xuthus Linnaeus, 1767

Taxonomy

class Insecta → subclass Pterygota → infraclass Neoptera → superorder Holometabola → order Lepidoptera → superfamily Papilionoidea → family Papilionidae → subfamily Papilioninae → tribe Papilionini → genus Papilio → species Papilio xuthus

Species name(s)

Papilio xuthus Linnaeus, 1767 = Papilio xanthus Linnaeus, 1767 = Papilio xuthulus Bremer, 1861 = Papilio xuthulinus Murray, 1874 = Sinoprinceps xuthus. [3, 9]

Chinese Yellow Swallowtail.

urn:lsid:insecta.pro:taxonomy:15093

Expansion

This species marks on the maps: 4.

Zoogeographical regions

Palaearctic.

Russia regions

#27. Pribaikalsky; #28. Zabaikalsky; #31. Yuzhno-Yakutsky*; #36. Sredne-Amursky; #37. Nizhne-Amursky; #38. Sakhalin; #39. Yuzhno-Kurilsky; #40. Primorsky.

* An asterisk denotes a region for which the species is listed as an migrant or information that requires additional checking.

Primary colors

Red, Yellow, Blue, Brown/Gray/Black.

Flight time

January

February

March

April

May

June

July

August

September

October

November

December

Over-wintering stage

Pupa.

Detailed information with references

Distribution

Regions of the Russian Federation: the Trans-Baikal, the Lower Amur, Pribaikalskiy, Primorye, Sakhalin, Mid-Amur, South Kuril, South Yakutia (?). [3].
It lives mainly in lowland mixed and sparse forests with broad-leaved herbaceous flowering meadows and shrubs. [95].

Imago lifespan

Two generations. Flight of the first generation - May, June, the second - from mid-July to mid-September [95].

General info about Larva

Caterpillars undergo four molts. Young caterpillars (first to fourth years) - brown mottled white, side, 3 large white spots - look like bird droppings.At the last, the fourth molt painting and relief covers tracks rapidly changing and mature caterpillar (age five) - smooth and painted in green, it hardly noticeable against the background of the leaves of host plants. [2].

Larva food plants / other food objects

In Primorye, the main forage plant Phellodendron amurense Rupr. (Amur velvet), in the Amur region - Dictamnus dasycarpus Turcz. (fraxinella mohnatoplodny) in East Transbaikalia - umbrella along with Dictamnus dasycarpus, Sakhalin - Phellodendron sachalinense (F. Schmidt) Sarg (velvet Sakhalin). All plants of the family Rutaceae (Rutaceae) [2].

Larva lifespan

About 6 weeks [2].

Pupa

The pupae of summer generation are colored green. Pupa pectoralis major ridge segments of the abdomen is lighter than other parts. On the back is the pupae develop fine mesh pattern of tiny yellow lines, making doll unobtrusive among the foliage.The vast majority of autumn colored pupae are no longer green, and yellowish-brown. Caterpillars of the 2nd generation attached to the leaves, pupate and fall with leaves on the ground, the pupae overwinter in leaf litter. [2].

Egg

Females lay a bright yellow opaque eggs one at a time, at least 2-3, near one another on the young leaves of Phellodendron amurensis. Time of ripening eggs 4-5 days [2].

Overwintering stage

Chrysalis [2].

Subspecies of Papilio xuthus

Papilio xuthus koxinga Fruhstorfer, 1908. [85]
P. x. koxingus Fruhstorfer, 1908. [9]
P. x. neoxuthus Fruhstorfer, 1908. [85]
P. x. xuthus Linnaeus, 1767. [85]

Authors

Initial species uploading to the site: Peter Khramov.

Photos: Evgeny Slobodskoy.

Text data: Peter Khramov, Irina Nikulina.

The species characteristics formalization: Peter Khramov, Sergei Kotov.

References

[2] Коршунов Ю. П. Булавоусые чешуекрылые Северной Азии. М.: КМК, 2002
[3] Каталог чешуекрылых (Lepidoptera) России. Под ред. С. Ю. Синёва. СПб.; М.: Товарищество научных изданий КМК, 2008
[9] Tree of Life (funet.fi), 2012
[85] Lepidoptera species catalogue, Lepidoptera.ru, 2015
[95] Животный мир уссурийской тайги. Полевой атлас-определитель животных юга Дальнего Востока России. Владивосток: ИПК «Дальпресс», 2004