Zygaena transalpina (Esper, 1780)

Taxonomy

class Insecta → subclass Pterygota → infraclass Neoptera → superorder Holometabola → order Lepidoptera → superfamily Zygaenoidea → family Zygaenidae → subfamily Zygaeninae → genus Zygaena → subgenus Zygaena → species Zygaena transalpina

Species name(s)

Zygaena (Zygaena) transalpina (Esper, 1780) = Sphinx transalpina Esper, 1780 = Sphinx ratisbonica Scheven, 1782 = Sphinx astragali Borkhausen, 1793 = Zygaena alpina Boisduval, 1834 = Zygaena xanthographa Germar, [1835] = Zygaena maritima Oberthür, 1898 = Sphinx hippocrepidis Hübner, 1799 = Sphinx hippocrepis Hübner, [1806] = Zygaena hippocrepidis = Zygaena (Zygaena) hippocrepidis = Zygaena (Zygaena) transalpina = Zygaena autumnalis Verity 1916 = Zygaena ratisbonica Scheven 1782. [9, 10, 187]

urn:lsid:insecta.pro:taxonomy:11844

Expansion

Zoogeographical regions

Palaearctic.

Forewing length

14—15 mm.

Primary colors

Red, Green, Brown/Gray/Black.

Flight time

January

February

March

April

May

June

July

August

September

October

November

December

Larva lifespan

 					January 					February 					March 					April 					May 					June 					July 					August 					September 					October 					November 					December 			

Over-wintering stage

Larva.

Detailed information with references

Distribution

Austria, Belgium, Germany, Spain, Italy, Luxembourg, France, Switzerland, Yugoslavia. [1].
Andorra, Austria, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina ?, Germany, Spain (mainland), Italy (mainland), Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Slovenia, France (mainland), Croatia, Switzerland. [10].
Calcareous Alps, the mountains of Central Europe. [5].

Imago Habitus and Differences from alike species

Length of front wing - 1.5 cm, it is usually 6 red spots, though sometimes only 5. Representatives of subspecies ssp. tilaventa shine in the Alps yellow instead of red spots. Generally, the butterfly is highly variable, and forms a separate race for each limited site area (in Central Europe about six such races). [5].

General info about Imago

Butterfly can be found only on calcareous soils, dry sunny slopes with sparse vegetation. [5].

Imago lifespan

From June to August. [5].

Larva food plants / other food objects

Lotus, Coronilla, Hippocrepis. [28].
Lyadvenets and coronilla, gippokrepis crested .. [5].

Larva lifespan

From August to June. [5].

Overwintering stage

Caterpillar overwinters. [5].

Subspecies of Zygaena transalpina

Zygaena transalpina albana Burgeff, 1926. [187]
Z. t. allgaviana Burgeff, 1926. [187]
Z. t. alpina Boisduval, 1834. [187]
Z. t. alpina (Boisduval, 1834). [10]
Z. t. altamaritima Dujardin, 1956. [187]
Z. t. altitudinaria Turati, 1910. [187]
Z. t. altitudinaria (Turati, 1910). [10]
Z. t. angelicotransalpina Daniel, 1954. [187]
Z. t. annae (Aistleitner, 1979). [10]
Z. t. astragali Borkhausen, 1793. [187]
Z. t. astragali (Borkhausen, 1793). [10]
Z. t. astragalpina Rocci, 1938. [187]
Z. t. athicaria Burgeff, 1926. [187]
Z. t. bavarica Burgeff, 1922. [9]
Z. t. bavarica (Burgeff, 1922). [10]
Z. t. boicophila Reiss, 1941. [187]
Z. t. calabrica Calberla, 1895. [187]
Z. t. carentaniae Rocci, 1937. [187]
Z. t. centralis (Oberthur, 1907). [10]
Z. t. centralis Oberthür, 1907. [187]
Z. t. centricataloniae (Burgeff, 1926). [10]
Z. t. centricataloniae Burgeff, 1926. [187]
Z. t. centrimeridionalis Mazel, 1977. [187]
Z. t. centripyrenaea (Burgeff, 1926). [10]
Z. t. centripyrenaea Burgeff, 1926. [187]
Z. t. collina Burgeff, 1926. [187]
Z. t. collina (Burgeff, 1926). [10]
Z. t. curtisi (Tremewan, 1961). [10]
Z. t. curtisi Tremewan, 1961. [187]
Z. t. dominatrix Rocci, 1941. [187]
Z. t. dufayi Dujardin, 1965. [187]
Z. t. dufayi (Dujardin, 1965). [10]
Z. t. emendata Verity, 1916. [187]
Z. t. emendata (Verity, 1916). [10]
Z. t. frigidalpina Rocci, 1941. [187]
Z. t. garganica Wiegel, 1973. [187]
Z. t. glockneriana Leinfest, 1949. [187]
Z. t. gulsensis Daniel, 1954. [187]
Z. t. gulsensis (Daniel, 1954). [10]
Z. t. hartigi Rocci, 1936. [187]
Z. t. helvetica Rothschild & Bethune-Baker, 1920. [187]
Z. t. helvetica (Bethune-Baker & Rothschild, 1921). [10]
Z. t. hilfi Reiss, 1922. [9]
Z. t. hilfi (Reiss, 1922). [10]
Z. t. hippocrepidis (Hubner, 1799). [10]
Z. t. holikiana Rocci, 1937. [187]
Z. t. intermedia Rocci, 1914. [187]
Z. t. intermedia (Rocci, 1914). [10]
Z. t. jugi Burgeff, 1926. [187]
Z. t. jugi (Burgeff, 1926). [10]
Z. t. jurassica Burgeff, 1914. [187]
Z. t. jurassoboica Burgeff, 1926. [187]
Z. t. lacustris Rocci, 1938. [187]
Z. t. latina Verity, 1920. [187]
Z. t. latina (Verity, 1920). [10]
Z. t. litorea Burgeff, 1926. [187]
Z. t. macromaritima Rocci, 1938. [187]
Z. t. maritima Oberthür, 1898. [187]
Z. t. maritima (Oberthur, 1898). [10]
Z. t. marujae (Tremewan & Manley, 1965). [10]
Z. t. marujae Tremewan & Manley, 1965. [187]
Z. t. mauriae Rocci, 1936. [187]
Z. t. megastragali Rocci, 1938. [187]
Z. t. miltosa (Candeze, 1883). [10]
Z. t. misurinae Rocci, 1936. [187]
Z. t. nambinica Rocci, 1936. [187]
Z. t. nantuatium Verity, 1946. [187]
Z. t. nigraltudinaria Rocci, 1937. [187]
Z. t. occidentalis Oberthür, 1907. [187]
Z. t. osthelderiana Reiss, 1941. [187]
Z. t. philippsi (Romei, 1927). [10]
Z. t. philippsi Romei, 1927. [187]
Z. t. piemontiae Reiss, 1941. [187]
Z. t. pinguis Burgeff, 1926. [187]
Z. t. poschiavica Reiss, 1950. [187]
Z. t. promunturii Burgeff, 1921. [187]
Z. t. provincialis (Oberthur, 1907). [10]
Z. t. provincialis Oberthür, 1907. [187]
Z. t. pseudoalpina Turati, 1910. [9]
Z. t. pseudoalpina (Turati, 1910). [10]
Z. t. redempta Rocci, 1937. [187]
Z. t. relicta Reiss, 1950. [187]
Z. t. rhaetiaemixta Reiss, 1950. [187]
Z. t. rhodani Burgeff, 1965. [187]
Z. t. rupicola (Rocci, 1936). [10]
Z. t. rupicola Rocci, 1936. [187]
Z. t. rupicolal Rocci, 1936. [9]
Z. t. sabina Rocci, 1938. [187]
Z. t. segusterica Dujardin, 1965. [187]
Z. t. sorrentina Staudinger, 1894. [187]
Z. t. sorrentinaeformis Rocci, 1938. [187]
Z. t. sorrentinaeformis (Rocci, 1938). [10]
Z. t. sorrentinoides Rocci, 1938. [187]
Z. t. splugena Burgeff, 1926. [9]
Z. t. splugena (Burgeff, 1926). [10]
Z. t. subalticola Rocci, 1918. [187]
Z. t. subalticola (Rocci, 1918). [10]
Z. t. subemendata Rocci, 1936. [187]
Z. t. subjugi Rocci, 1938. [187]
Z. t. tenuissima Burgeff, 1914. [187]
Z. t. tenuissima (Burgeff, 1914). [10]
Z. t. tigulii Rocci, 1938. [187]
Z. t. tilaventa Holik, 1935. [187]
Z. t. tilaventa (Holik, 1935). [10]
Z. t. tonalensis Rocci, 1936. [187]
Z. t. transalpina. [9]
Z. t. transalpina (Esper, 1780). [10]
Z. t. victrix Rocci, 1941. [187]
Z. t. xanthographa (Germar, 1836). [10]

Authors

Initial species uploading to the site: Peter Khramov.

Photos: Paolo Mazzei.

Text data: Peter Khramov.

The species characteristics formalization: Peter Khramov, Sergei Kotov.

References

[1] O. Karsholt, J. Razowski (eds.), 1996. The Lepidoptera of Europe: a distributional checklist
[5] Райххолф-Рим Х. Бабочки. М.: Астрель, 2002
[9] Tree of Life (funet.fi), 2012
[10] de Jong, Y.S.D.M. (ed.) (2011) Fauna Europaea version 2.4 (faunaeur.org)
[28] Moths and Butterflies of Europe and North Africa (leps.it), 2012
[187] Species 2000, http://www.sp2000.org