Фото #40400: Aemona amathusia

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Основная галерея. Верх. Коллекционный экземпляр.

Фотография: Александр Думчус. Фото без обработки на сайте. Определение: Дмитрий Пожогин

Время и место съемки/ловли: 2015-03-00 00:00:00, Вьетнам, пров.Quang Ngai

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29.07.2015 18:17, Леон Ортлиб

Снова пропал мой комент.
Дмитрий давай иначе! Пусть любители оценят дипломированного спеца.
Я расскажу правдивую историю, а вы оцените..

Весной был Алтын-Эмельском заповеднике. Там согласно порядка приставили нам (2 а/машины) гида-проводника, кандидата биологических наук А... Когда он стал показывать на галлы на листьях и объяснять что таким образом размножается туранга, то я не вытерпел и сказал что туранга как и все тополя размножается семенами, черенками, корневыми отпрысками, но никак не галлами итд. Гид разозлился, и говорит:"Откуда ты взялся? Я тут родился, все время живу и знаю! И кроме того ты имеешь дело с кандидатом биологических наук.. Что ты порешь за ерунду, туранга-тополь, да еще семейства ивовых.." Итд итп.

Водителю и его сыну спор показался забавным. Люди, по образованию, ничего не имеющие общего с природой, вошли тут же в интернет и установили:. Да, туранга тополь , и семейства ивовых итд. итп. Потом посмеялись и говорят: "А..., у Леона образование советское, а у тебя видимо диплом, и твоя кандидатская более поздних времен... "

Любители получили доступ к информации в течении 5 секунд, прямо в машине, среди пустыни.
Теперь представьте, если этот дипломированный специалист получит власть, и заставит людей собирать галлы с листьев и сеять, чтоб размножить краснокнижную турангу!
Как вам нравится сей дипломированный специалист??

29.07.2015 16:41, Леон Ортлиб

Ковчег строили любители, Титаник специалисты..
Дмитрий, почему вы решили что это обидно, когда человека без диплома назвают специалистом? Все ли с дипломом разбираются? или уже завтра владельцы дипломов торгуют мороженным?

Знания доступны, и многие любители квалифицируются порой шире, или в узком секторе сильнее чем владельцы дипломов.

Как-то давно, когда фотки продавать издателям было интересно, я продал одному издателю многотомника что-то типа "Рыбы мира", с десяток фот. И в беседе он рассказал, что имеет в наличии ряд авторов любителей-аквариумистов, которые узко специализировались по тому или иному роду или семейству рыб, к примеру пискарей, ищут инфу и фото со всего мира, владеют разными языками, отпуска проводят там где разные виды пискарей водятся, собирают инфу, фото, пытаются разводить итп. , пишут рекомендации итд. При этом работают порой совсем не по профилю, а там учителями, госбюрократами итд. Знают о тех пискарях более чем специалисты с дипломом. Может профиль несколько иной, но они спецы. Пишут статьи для книг, и какой-то доктор наук потом редактирует то издание.

29.07.2015 14:48, Александр Думчус

Да, Дмитрий, Ваш сарказм к месту. Я не специалист , а , пожалуй, как недавно кто-то назвал, таких как я - "филателист". Увлечение бабочками с детства осталось, а дальше забираться в дебри исследований нет желания, да и времени тоже. Я из тех , кому нужно хобби. Кто-то на охоту ходит, на рыбалку, кто-то с ржавыми железяками возится, а я ловлю и собираю бабочек. Причем красивых бабочек, а не микру какую-либо. И получаю от этого удовольствие.
А письки варить или генный анализ делать - не мое это. Пусть этим занимаются специалисты...ну или те , кому это нравится. Мне - нет, каждому свое, лучше буду по джунглям бегать.
А так как сайт "заточен" , в большинстве своем , на дилетантов, то к чему Вами было приведено описание аемон, да еще и на аглицком, ведь процентов 80 или около того, пользователей с трудом различат ксантомелас от полихлорос. Вот я и вспомнил старый анекдот.
А по поводу стихопальм, так у Монастырского и Девяткина , есть еще и иллюстрации описанных ими видов и подвидов, которые я и хотел бы посмотреть.

28.07.2015 13:39, Дмитрий Пожогин

А теперь смотрим и смеемся
Aemona kontumei spec. nov.
Holotype d: Central Vietnam, Kon Turn Province, Ngoc Linh Nature Reserve, 1700 m, 2.IV. 1998 (ALM leg.).
Paratypes (6 cTcT, 2 $$): the same locality as the holotype, 1 $, 1700 m, 30.111.1998; 2 dd, 1600m, 3. and 6.IV.1998; 1 9, 1450m, 20.IV.1998; 1 d, 1600m, 21.IV.1998; 1 d, 1500m, 6.V.1998 (all ALM leg.); 2 dd, Central Vietnam, Gia Lai Province, Kon Ka Kinh Nature Reserve, 1600 m, 19. and 20.IV.1999 (ALM leg.).
Holotype BMNH, paratypes MSU.
Description
Male
Generally large; forewing apex falcate and termen convex; hindwing conspicuously angled at vein 4 (M3).
85
Upperside. Ground colour not uniform: forewing brownish yellow at base, paler yellowish ochreous in the distal part; apex and termen narrowly dark brown, very contrasting; a fine dark streak at the end of the cell (upper part); discal line dark and contrasting, tending to be irregular, interrupted by veins and produced towards termen from both sides of at least veins 2 and 3. Hindwing ground colour brownish yellow (as in the basal part of the forewing); submarginal lunules dark outlined from both sides, filled with paler colour, merged and irregular in spaces 4-5 to 7, separate and gradually reduced towards tornus.
Underside. Ground colour rather dark, ochreous brown, paler in the postdiscal area, darker in the marginal zone; discal line narrowly bordered yellowish from the outside. Forewing with 5-6 brown-outlined ocelli, those in spaces 4-6 usually reduced to dots; those in space 2 and sometimes 1b filled with yellow (with white, in one specimen) and brown-centred. Hindwing with 6-7 brown-outlined ocelli, those in spaces 1c and 2 white-pupilled and those in spaces 4- 5 usually dot-like.
Length of forewing 35-44 mm.
Female
Upperside. Similar to the male in general characters, but larger; the contrast between the darker and paler areas more expressed.
Underside. Rather greyish compared to that of the male; spotting pattern the same.
Length of forewing 45-49 mm.
d'-genitalia
Uncus equal to tegumen or slightly shorter, leaf-like extended, blunt-ended (dorsal view) and sharply bent down (lateral view). Subunci long, straight, pointed and divergent. Clasp robust, its distal part ("foot") massive, about V3-V3.5 length of the clasp; end of the clasp ventrally with a variable number of spines (15-50), tending to be irregular. Juxta (lateral view) rhomb-shaped, with all angles acute, the basal process (connected with aedeagus) very long. Aedeagus as long as clasp, slender, evenly curved (lateral view), almost not extended towards the distal end (dorsal view), with a short patch of irregular spines on the left side.
9-genitalia
The structure of the female genitalia, especially that of the antevaginal area, is very complicated and seems to be rather similar in all the species studied. Of diagnostic importance is the shape and structure of the antevaginal plate proper, situated immediately before the ostium. In the case of A. kontumei, this plate is long, over 1 Vi times longer than wide, with short deep folds at the distal end (also incised at the middle in one specimen); the ventral surface covered with numerous irregular and laterally directed folds and wrinkles throughout.
Diagnosis and discussion
Since we are not prepared at the moment to provide a full revision of the genus Aemona Hewitson, [1868], we follow here the last published opinion of M. Nishimura (1999) and compare the newly described taxa with the butterflies flying in North Vietnam (originally described as A. amathusia tonkinensis Rothschild, 1916), which are treated by the lastauthoras belonging to the nominate subspecies of A. amathusia (Hewitson, 1868). The new species differs from the North Vietnamese A. amathusia in larger size, strongly falcate apex and convex termen of forewing, strongly two-coloured wing upperside, interrupted discal line, irregular shape of the submarginal lunules and details of the male genitalia (in A. amathusia, the uncus much longer than the tegumen, sharply pointed, the end of the clasp expanded with a sharply defined field of densely packed very small spines, juxta asymmetric, with a very short basal process, aedeagus shorter than clasp, slightly curved, broad and gradually extended to the distal end, with a long patch of irregular spines on a strongly sclerotized rib of the left side; jn the female genitalia, the antevaginal plate is very short, rounded and shallowly excavate, without folds or wrinkles
Aemona simulatrix spec. nov.
Holotype d: Central Vietnam, Gia Lai Province, Kon Ka Kinh Nature Reserve, 1400 m, 24.IV. 1999 (ALM leg.).
Paratypes (4 dd, 1 2): 1 d, the same locality as the holotype, 1200 m, 23.IV.1999; 2 dd, the same locality, 1200 and 1300 m, 24.IV.1999 (ALM leg.); 1 9, Gia Lai Province, Kon Cha Rang Nature Reserve, 1000 m, 11.111.1999; 1 d, the same locality, 900 m, 12.111.1999 (ALM leg.). Holotype BMNH, paratypes BMNH, MSU.
Description
Male (col. pi. VII, figs. 1, 2).
Medium-sized; forewing apex not falcate and termen nearly straight.
Upperside. Ground colour of both wings uniformly ochreous; forewing apex and termen only slightly darker than the rest of the wing. Forewing: discal line dark and contrasting, tending to be irregular, interrupted and produced towards termen from both sides of at least veins 2 and 3. Flindwing submarginal lunules dark outlined from both sides, filled with ground colur or slightly paler, separate and subequal.
Underside. Ground colour more or less uniform, yellowish ochreous, including the marginal zone; discal line not bordered yellow; marginal lunules faint but conspicuous. Forewing with 2- 3 brown-outlined ocelli, those in spaces 1b and 3 very faint or absent, that in space 2 with a black-ringed white pupil. Hindwing with a full set of 6 ocelli, those in spaces 1c and 2 white- pupilled and black-ringed as on the forewing, those in spaces 3 to 7 filled with ground colour. Length of forewing 33-35 mm.
Female (col. pi. VII, fig. 3)
Upperside. Very different from the male, the ground colour being uniformly greyish brown. Forewing discal line unbroken, very conspicuous, diffusely dark-shaded from the inner side; diffuse pale postdiscal patches in spaces 1b to 3. Hindwing discal line fine and unshaded; submarginal lunules conspicuous, paler than the ground colour, diffusely outlined with dark. Underside. Ground colour of both wings the same as on the upperside, slightly paler near bases and conspicuously paler in the postdiscal area up to the wing margin; faint traces of marginal lunules.
Forewing ocelli faint, that in space 2 larger and white-pupilled. Hindwing ocelli also faint, brown-outlined; that in space 2 filled with white.
Length of forewing 38 mm.
cT-genitalia (fig. 2, A-E)
In general, very similar to those of A. kontumei, but differing in the following characters: uncus slightly longer than tegumen, not so sharply bent down, its leaf-like part longer; subunci shorter, almost parellel; clasp slender, its "foot" smaller and shorter (about Vs length of clasp); the end of clasp with a more constant number of spines (about 25), arranged rather regularly; aedeagus and juxta similar to those of A. kontumei; aedeagus with only few small lateral spines (almost inconspicuous) in a single line.
9-genitalia (fig. 2, F)
Similar to those of the above species in general characters. Antevaginal plate short, slightly wider than long, excavate at the distal end, with a small number of faint, mostly longitudinal wrinkles.
Discussion
This new species differs sharply from A. kontumei, with which it flies sympatrically and syn- chronically in Kon Ka Kinh, in external features, being at the same time rather similar in male genitalia; from the North Vietnamese A. amathusia, to which it is more similar in appearance, it differs in the characters of the genitalia (see the diagnosis of A. kontumei).
Aemona implicata spec. nov.
(colour plate VII, figs. 4-6)
Holotype d: North Vietnam, Bac Can Province, loc. Lung Vi, 21.IV.2001 (BXP leg.).
Paratypes (13 dd, 3 99): 9 dd, 2 99, the same locality as the holotype, 17, 18., 19., 20., 22.
IV.2001 (BXP leg.); 1 d, Central Vietnam, Ha Tinh Province, Vu Quang Nature Reserve, 1200 m, ZVIII.1997 (ALM leg.); 1 9, the same locality, 1500 m, 3.IV.2000 (BXP leg.); 2 dd, the same locality, 1500 m, 8.IV.2000 (ALM leg.); 1 d, the same locality, 1500 m, 6.V.2000 (ALM leg.).
Description
Male (col. pi. VII, figs. 5, 6)
Medium-sized; forewing apex not or slightly falcate; forewing termen slightly convex or nearly straight.
Upperside. Ground colour of both wings uniform yellowish ochreous. Forewing: apex and termen narrowly and diffusely brown, not very contrasting with the rest of the wing; discal line faint but conspicuous, unbroken. Hindwing: discal line as on the forewing; submarginal lunules faintly outlined from the inner side, large and subequal, as in A. amathusia tonkinensis, becoming almost inconspicuous towards tornus.
Underside. Ground colour of both wings more or less uniform, yellowish ochreous, slightly paler in the postdiscal area; discal line brown, not bordered yellow; marginal lunules faint but conspicuous. Forewing ocelli basically visible only in spaces 1b and 2, filled with whitish or ground colour. Hindwing with a full set of 6 ocelli , those in spaces 3 and 4 may be dot-like; those in spaces 1c and 2 filled with whitish. However, in 1 male from Vu Quang, collected in August, ocelli in space 2 of the forewing and in spaces 1c and 2 of the hindwing have black- ringed white pupils, this character making it practically indistinguishable from A. amathusia tonkinensis.
Length of forewing 36-38.5 mm.
Female (col. pi. VII, fig. 4)
Larger and darker than the male, forewing apex more conspicuously falcate and termen more convex.
Upperside. Ground colour of both wings more brownish than in the male. Forewing rather contrasting, being darker in the basal and discal areas and much paler in the postdiscal zone and above vein 3 to costa; dark brown coloration at the apex and along termen extended compared to the male. Hindwing of the same ground colour, slightly paler in the postdiscal area near costa, where two upper submarginal lunules are bordered by dark colour; other lunules
inconspicuous.
Underside. Ground colour of both wings greyish brown, conspicuously paler in the postdiscal area. Forewing with a set of 5 ocelli, those in spaces 1b and 2 filled with whitish, the others dot-like. Hindwing with 6 ocelli, those in spaces 1c, 2 and 6 filled with whitish.
Length of forewing 42 mm.
d'-genitalia (fig. 3, A-E).
Uncus much longer than tegumen, rather sharply bent down, its distal part leaf-like extended in dorsal view (although not so strongly as in A. kontumei and A. simulatrix), both parts being equal in length, with a sharply pointed and curved down tip. Subunci relatively short, almost straight but slightly curved upwards and pointed at the ends, conspicuously divergent. Distal part of clasp slender, looking somewhat three-edged in dorsal view; its distal part ("foot") short, about 1/6 length of clasp, rounded at the end, with a sharply angled dorsal projection; a narrow field of densely packed small spines is situated on the very tip of the clasp. Juxta short, dorsally rather rounded (lateral view), with its basal process (connected to the aedeagus) short. Aedeagus shorter than clasp, faintly curved, evenly extended (dorsal view) towards the distal end, with a narrow patch of irregular small spines on the left side.
9-genitalia (fig. 3, F)
Antevaginal plate shorter than wide, gradually tapered to the distal side, which is broadly V-wise excavate or almost straight; its central part looks almost rectangular, with 1 or 2 straight central folds and a number of oblique lateral folds extending to its base.
Diagnosis and discussion
Soth sexes of the new species are hardly distinguishable from A. amathusia tonkinensis by external features. However, the male genitalia show marked differences from the latter in the shape of the uncus and the distal part of the clasp and in the arrangement of spines on the latter. The antevaginal plate of the female is also very different from those of all species studied. The distribution areas of the new species and A. amathusia tonkinensis seem to overlap widely in North and Central Vietnam (Ke bang in Quang Binh Province is the southernmost record of A. amathusia tonkinensis), both occurring sympatrically and synchronically in the Ba Be-Na Hang area (Lung Vi and Lung Li localities).
The single male collected in August and differing in the underside characters may be suspected to represent the second generation (wet season form) of the new species.
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