Proserpinus proserpina (Pallas, 1772)
Taxonomy
class Insecta → subclass Pterygota → infraclass Neoptera → superorder Holometabola → order Lepidoptera → superfamily Bombycoidea → family Sphingidae → subfamily Macroglossinae → tribe Macroglossini → subtribe Macroglossina → genus Proserpinus → species Proserpinus proserpina
Species name(s)
Proserpinus proserpina (Pallas, 1772) = Sphinx proserpina Pallas, 1772 = Sphinx oenotherae [Schiffermüller], 1775 = Sphinx schiffermilleri Fuessly, 1779 = francofurtana (Fabricius, 1781) = Proserpinus aenotheroides Butler, [1876] = maxima (Grum-Grshimailo, 1887) = japetus (Grum-Grshimailo, 1890) = brunnea (Geest, 1903) = attenuata Schultz, 1904 = grisea Rebel, 1910 = infumata Closs, 1911 = schmidti Schmidt, 1914 = Proserpinus proserpina gigas Oberthür, 1922 = Proesrpinus proserpina. [9, 10]
Willowherb Hawk-moth.
urn:lsid:insecta.pro:taxonomy:2840
Expansion
This species marks on the maps: 2.
Zoogeographical regions
Palaearctic.
Russia regions
#4. Evropeisky Severo-Zapadny*; #8. Evropeisky Tsentralny; #9. Evropeisky Tsentralno-Chernozyomny; #10. Sredne-Volzhsky; #11. Volgo-Donsky; #12. Nizhnevolzhsky*; #13. Zapadno-Kavkazsky; #17. Yuzhno-Uralsky; #20. Yuzhno-Zapadnosibirsky; #22. Krasnoyarsky*; #23. Predaltaisky*.
* An asterisk denotes a region for which the species is listed as an migrant or information that requires additional checking.
Forewing length
19—21 mm.
Primary colors
Orange, Green, Brown/Gray/Black.
Flight time
January | February | March | April | May | June | July | August | September | October | November | December |
Larva lifespan
January | February | March | April | May | June | July | August | September | October | November | December |
Over-wintering stage
Pupa.
Detailed information with references
Distribution
- Albania, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Great Britain, Hungary, Germany, Greece, Spain, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, Romania, Sicily, Slovakia, the Soviet Union - the European part of Turkey - European part of France, the Czech Republic, Switzerland, Yugoslavia. [1].
- Albania, Andorra, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, the British Isles, France, Germany, Greece (mainland), Denmark (mainland), Spain (mainland), Italy (mainland), Corsica, Latvia, Luxembourg, Macedonia Netherlands, Poland, Portugal (mainland), Russia, Romania, Sicily, Slovakia, Slovenia,Turkey (European part), Ukraine, France (mainland), Croatia, Czech Republic, Switzerland, Yugoslavia. [10].
- Regions of the Russian Federation: the Volga-Don, the European North-West (?), The European Central Black Earth, the European Central, Western Caucasus, Krasnoyarsk (?), Lower Volga (?) Prealtay (?) Mid-Volzhsky, South West Siberian, South Ural. [3].
- Range: Central and Southern Europe, in the north is not found. In the mountains can rise up to 1500 m. [5].
Imago Habitus and Differences from alike species
- Length of front wing - up to 2.1 cm. A bit like an ordinary yazykana, but the top of the wings with a clearer picture. In the middle of the front wings - a dark stripe on the hind wings yellow - brown border.There are also differences from yazykana in the form of wings (at prezerpiny - a wavy edge) and in the form of the abdomen (from prezerpiny it does not end with characteristic yazykana tail). [5].
General info about Imago
- Places volley: sunny slopes and swampy forests. [5].
Imago lifespan
- From May to June. One generation. [5].
General info about Larva
- Outside caterpillars hawk zubokrylogo more mundane than that of many of his relatives - larva prezerpiny dirty-green, with very little horn at the rear end of the body. Caterpillar is active at night and looking for pupation small depression in the ground. [5].
Larva food plants / other food objects
- Epilobium hirsutum, Epilobium angustifolium, Epilobium palustre, Epilobium dodonaei, Epilobium montanum, Oenothera biennis, Lythrum salicaria. [28].
- Evening primrose, purple loosestrife loosestrife, plants from kipreyny. [5].
Larva lifespan
- Larva: from July to August. [5].
Overwintering stage
- The pupa overwinters in a depression in the soil. [5].
Subspecies of Proserpinus proserpina
- Proserpinus proserpina japetus Grum-Grshimailo, 1890. [187]
Authors
Initial species uploading to the site: Peter Khramov.
Photos:
Evgeny Komarov, Vitaly Gumenuk. Text data: Peter Khramov.
The species characteristics formalization: Peter Khramov, Sergei Kotov.
References
- [1] O. Karsholt, J. Razowski (eds.), 1996. The Lepidoptera of Europe: a distributional checklist
- [3] Каталог чешуекрылых (Lepidoptera) России. Под ред. С. Ю. Синёва. СПб.; М.: Товарищество научных изданий КМК, 2008
- [5] Райххолф-Рим Х. Бабочки. М.: Астрель, 2002
- [9] Tree of Life (funet.fi), 2012
- [10] de Jong, Y.S.D.M. (ed.) (2011) Fauna Europaea version 2.4 (faunaeur.org)
- [28] Moths and Butterflies of Europe and North Africa (leps.it), 2012
- [187] Species 2000, http://www.sp2000.org
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