Pararge aegeria (Linnaeus, 1758)

Taxonomy

class Insecta → subclass Pterygota → infraclass Neoptera → superorder Holometabola → order Lepidoptera → superfamily Papilionoidea → family Nymphalidae → subfamily Satyrinae → tribe Elymniini → subtribe Lethina → genus Pararge → species Pararge aegeria

Species name(s)

Pararge aegeria (Linnaeus, 1758) = Papilio aegeria Linnaeus, 1758 = Pararge aegeria elegantia Fruhstorfer, 1909 = Pararge anticoexcessa Lempke 1935 = Pararge bilinea Verity 1953 = Pararge caeca Lempke 1935 = Pararge cockaynei Goodson 1951 = Pararge conjuncta Schnaider 1950 = Pararge dilutior Schultz 1908 = Pararge drumensis Thompson 1952 = Pararge elongata Lempke 1957 = Pararge evanescens Agenjo 1934 = Pararge fuscelegantia Verity 1953 = Pararge hormuzaki Miller 1932 = Pararge infrabrunnea Lempke 1957 = Pararge latefasciata Lempke 1957 = Pararge lineolata Verity 1953 = Pararge marginata Gussich 1917 = Pararge minima Pionneau 1930 = Pararge monicae Harrison 1949 = Pararge omnicaeca Lempke 1957 = Pararge parvocellata Lempke 1957 = Pararge postcaeca Lempke 1957 = Pararge posticoexcessa Lempke 1935 = Pararge postreducta Lempke 1957 = Pararge punctata Gussich 1917 = Pararge reducta Lempke 1957 = Pararge rozsae Bezsilla 1943 = Pararge synexergica Verity 1953 = Pararge venata Lempke 1957 = Pararge vernafusca Verity 1953 = Pararge albiplaga Warnecke 1942. [9, 10, 187]

Speckled Wood.

urn:lsid:insecta.pro:taxonomy:8646

Expansion

This species marks on the maps: 8.

Zoogeographical regions

Palaearctic.

Russia regions

#1. Kaliningradsky; #3. Karelsky; #4. Evropeisky Severo-Zapadny; #6. Evropeisky Severo-Vostochny; #7. Evropeisky yuzhno-tayozhny; #8. Evropeisky Tsentralny; #9. Evropeisky Tsentralno-Chernozyomny; #10. Sredne-Volzhsky; #11. Volgo-Donsky; #13. Zapadno-Kavkazsky; #14. Vostochno-Kavkazsky; #16. Sredne-Uralsky; #17. Yuzhno-Uralsky.

Forewing length

20—22 mm.

Primary colors

Orange, Brown/Gray/Black.

Flight time

January

February

March

April

May

June

July

August

September

October

November

December

Larva lifespan

 					January 					February 					March 					April 					May 					June 					July 					August 					September 					October 					November 					December 			

Detailed information with references

Distribution

Albania, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Great Britain, Hungary, Germany, Greece, Denmark, Ireland, Spain, Italy, Corsica, Crete, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Sardinia, Sicily, Slovakia, Turkey - European part, Finland, France, Czech Republic, Switzerland, Sweden, Estonia, Yugoslavia. [1].
Albania, Austria, Baleares, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, the British Isles, France, Germany, Gibraltar, Greece (mainland), Denmark (mainland), Dodecanese Islands, Ireland, Spain (mainland), Italy (mainland), Cyprus, Corsica, Crete, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg,Madeira, Macedonia, Malta, Netherlands, Norway (mainland), the Channel Islands, Poland, Portugal (mainland), Romania, Russia, Sardinia, Northern Ireland, Northern Aegean Islands, Sicily, Slovakia, Slovenia, Turkey (European part) Ukraine, Finland, France (mainland), Croatia, the Cycladic islands,Czech Republic, Switzerland, Sweden, Estonia, Yugoslavia. [10].
Regions of the Russian Federation: the Volga-Don, East Caucasus, the European North-East, the European North-West, the European Central Black Earth, the European Central European South taiga, the Western Caucasus, Kaliningrad, Karelia, Mid-Volzhsky, Mid-Ural, South Ural. [3].
The butterfly is widespread throughout Europe, at altitudes up to 1000-1500 m, in the east - to Central Asia, and in addition, it flies in North Africa. [85].

Imago Habitus and Differences from alike species

The length of the forewing is 2-2. 2 cm. Eyes on the front (one) and rear (three) wings. In general, the color is brown, with light spots on the periphery. In the nominative form from Southern Europe, the eyes on the wings are orange, and in butterflies from Central Europe-yellow. The Central European subspecies is called rides Staudinger, 1871, and the Western European subspecies is called tircis Butler, 1867 (found, in particular, in Great Britain and Ireland). In addition, the subspecies insula How is known. [85].

General info about Imago

Habitats: clearings and clearings of deciduous-mixed forests, forest roads. The flight is slow, the butterfly often lands on plants or on the ground. [85].

Imago lifespan

On the Black Sea coast of Georgia (Adzharia) butterflies fly until December. [PC74].
Egeria flies in two generations - from mid-April (Marta-Moukha, 1979) to mid-June and from July to mid-September. In some places it occurs in October. [85].

Larva food plants / other food objects

Gramineae. [28].
Злаки — мятлик, пырей и другие. [85].

Larva lifespan

The Pararge aegeria caterpillar is active from September to April, and also in June-July (second generation). [85].

Overwintering stage

The caterpillar or pupa overwinters. [85].

Subspecies of Pararge aegeria

Pararge aegeria aegeria. [9]
P. a. falcidia Fruhstorfer, 1908. [187]
P. a. insula Howarth, 1971. [187]
P. a. oblita Harrison, 1949. [187]
P. a. occidentalis Lempke, 1957. [187]
P. a. paulumaegeria Verity, 1957. [187]
P. a. tircis (Godart, 1821). [9]

Authors

Initial species uploading to the site: Peter Khramov.

Photos: Evgeny Komarov, Irina Nikulina.

Text data: Peter Khramov, Evgeny Komarov.

The species characteristics formalization: Peter Khramov.

References

[1] O. Karsholt, J. Razowski (eds.), 1996. The Lepidoptera of Europe: a distributional checklist
[3] Каталог чешуекрылых (Lepidoptera) России. Под ред. С. Ю. Синёва. СПб.; М.: Товарищество научных изданий КМК, 2008
[9] Tree of Life (funet.fi), 2012
[10] de Jong, Y.S.D.M. (ed.) (2011) Fauna Europaea version 2.4 (faunaeur.org)
[28] Moths and Butterflies of Europe and North Africa (leps.it), 2012
[85] Lepidoptera species catalogue, Lepidoptera.ru, 2015
[187] Species 2000, http://www.sp2000.org
[PC74] Evgeny Komarov