The Red Book and insects

Community and Forum → Other questions. Insects topics → The Red Book and insects

Likes: 3

19.02.2019 14:15, Penzyak

I don't want to get involved in politics - I've always said that science should be out of politics. And if you take into account that Europeans and Americans do not do anything just like that (can you imagine what capacities this site should have for storing photos) , etc., etc. Who will just give money for this in our thoroughly pragmatic time!??

Nerds have recently become more active around this project and send out letters:

- "The goal of the Flora of Russia project" (https://www.inaturalist.org/projects/flora-of-russia The main goal of the project is to involve people with smartphones and cameras who are not indifferent as much as possible in the detailed and scientifically accurate collection of data on the plants of our country.

We have organized 84 regional projects that cover the flora of individual regions, territories and republics. As soon as one of the iNaturalist users uploads a photo with the date and coordinates to the portal, and the definitions of this photo from at least two users match, it gets a green RG (Research Level) icon. After that, such monitoring is credited to the regional project, and also exported to the Global Biodiversity Information Facility. On the main page, you can see the scoreboard of the leading regions, the total number of observations, species, observers and experts.

If you're not already on iNaturalist, here's a quick guide on how to become a member of a particular regional team (or several if you have photos from different locations):

1. You need to register on iNaturalist. To do this, you need a computer or smartphone. For a smartphone, there is a convenient application for uploading field photos, but it is easier to download old archives en masse from a computer.

2. Now you can upload photos of plants (fungi, animals, algae) taken in Russia (or elsewhere) to this resource. In addition to photos, you need to enter the date of the photo and put the collection point and its accuracy on the map. Modern smartphones load this data themselves.

3. If you don't know the names of plants, it doesn't matter. Within a day or two, someone will definitely identify them. However, in most cases iNaturalist automatically detects plants based on the image correctly (https://vk.com/wall-134484155_1819). Professional botanists will be very interested to see how the system guesses the species.

4. As soon as two people identify the photo in the same way, it gets the status "Research Level". If a plant is photographed, for example, in the Belgorod region, it will automatically be displayed on the page of the corresponding regional project and the unifying project "Flora of Russia".

5. Within a week, this observation will automatically be included in GBIF , the world's largest scientific database on biodiversity, and its new life will begin in an array of strictly scientific data on the world's flora. If you, as the author of the photo, specify a free license (for example, CC-BY 4.0), then the photo will also be included in GBIF.

6. In real-time mode, you can monitor the rating of your favorite region, participate in determining photos, and organize your own projects.

Our project is dedicated to the spontaneous flora of Russia. Therefore, trees and shrubs from urban landscaping, ornamental plants from urban flowerbeds, indoor flowers and bouquets of roses will not be included in the final data set. If photos of plants and animals are stored somewhere in the memory of your computers, smartphones, and cameras, upload them to iNat right now! This will help scientists create the most accurate maps of the distribution of different species in our country.

A month ago, when the project was first launched, it had 9,009 observations of 1,343 species from 749 users. These are the photos that were already on iNat by the end of 2018. During the month, we managed to attract 282 new participants, and observations (25,570 pieces) represent 3,012 species of Russian flora."

At the same time, do not forget that botanists have a wonderful website called Plantarium...

Likes: 2

19.02.2019 23:25, Nemov

Without any doubt, iNaturalist, this is one of the keys to infiltrating and influencing long-suffering Russia - in the West, many simply dream of destroying it by hook or crook... Alas, history teaches us nothing (look at what happened to Ukraine).....

I repeat once again, this is not the "key to penetration" (since they have already "penetrated" to the very bottom for a long time), but a means of debilitating and distracting from real scientific activities.

Here above you again remembered about the Kaluga achievements. They are far superior to all that has been achieved in the "high-tech", raging with fat, but completely degraded Moscow-Nerezinovka. There are no photos from the Kaluga Region either here or on the "key of penetration" advertised by you. But there is a normal scientific contribution. Which will not happen in Moscow in the foreseeable future.

You can upload billions of photos to various sites and paint all the fences with insects. But science won't budge one iota from this.

Likes: 1

04.03.2019 10:10, Penzyak

Scientists: In 100 years on the Earth there will be no insects

Plummeting insect numbers 'threaten collapse of nature'

https://www.theguardian.com/environment/201...lapse-of-nature

Insects Are In 'Catastrophic' Decline Worldwide, Scientists Warn
More than 40 percent of insects are at risk of extinction within 100 years.

Earth seeing 'catastrophic collapse' of insects

Francisco Sanchez - Bayo from the University of Sydney, Australia, and his colleague Kris Wyckhuys from the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences analyzed the results of several dozen studies that studied the life of insects. And they found that life was wasting away at a catastrophic rate. Insects are getting smaller and smaller. Their mass decreases by 2.5 percent every year.

"The losses are shocking," the authors write in the journal Biological Conservation. "In 10 years, we will have a quarter fewer insects, in 50 years only half will remain, and in 100 years they will disappear altogether. The consequences are expected to be catastrophic. After all, insects are the basis of the earth's ecosystem.

Scientists predict a chain reaction: insects will disappear, animals that feed on them - reptiles, amphibians, birds-will starve to death. Plants will die - there will be no one to pollinate them. Plants will be followed by herbivores, and herbivores will be followed by carnivores. So everyone will die out after the insects — including people, because they will also have nothing to eat.

Now the number of all insects, including flies, is decreasing. But butterflies, all sorts of moths, bees and dung beetles disappear faster than others.

Sanchez-Baio and e Chris Wickhuis do not place the blame on climate change, as one might expect. Like, this is not the main thing. Insects are being destroyed by humans — more precisely, our agriculture, which is becoming more intense from year to year. Cultivated land robs insects of their natural habitat, and pesticides and fertilizers simply kill them.

Researchers do not have a recipe for salvation. They only suggest that approaches to farming should be reviewed.

By the way, the current "messengers of the apocalypse" are far from the first. The alarm was sounded before them.

In 2018, American scientists pointed out that the number of insects in tropical forests has significantly decreased — for example, in the El Yunque National Reserve (Puerto Rico). The number of insectivorous animals has also decreased.

In May 2017, the authoritative scientific journal Science Mag published an article titled " Where have all the insects gone?" It was about a study conducted by German enthusiasts from the Krefeld Entomological Society community. They caught insects in traps. Luck was 60 times less frequent than their colleagues 40 years ago. From what enthusiasts concluded: insects and in fact became less. And they began to catch after they listened to drivers who assured that car windshields now remain clean even on fast country trips. And once they were completely stained, we had to wash them strenuously from the remains of all sorts of flies, beetles and moths. Drivers bought special cleaning fluids. Now they are not needed. There is all sorts of dirt, there are no insect remains. Well, almost none.

"The phenomenon of the windshield" - this is what entomologists called the situation that developed then in Europe, and now, perhaps, around the world. Something is wrong with nature.

Reducing the number of insects may be part of a larger process - the mass extinction of living things in general. The sixth in a row. The fact that it began was announced by American scientists from Princeton, Stanford, and California Universities and their Mexican colleagues from the National Autonomous University of Mexico. They, as they say, looked around, were horrified and prepared a corresponding report. In 2015, it was published in the journal Science Advances.

As one of the leaders of the study, environmental professor Paul Ehrlich (Paul Ehrlich, the Bing Professor of Population Studies in biology and a senior fellow at the Stanford Woods Institute for the Environment), since 1500, 320 vertebrate species have irrevocably left our world.

Previously, only two species of mammals died out once every 100 years, but now the rate of extinction has increased almost 100 times. And it's approaching the rate at which species went extinct 66 million years ago, when the Earth parted ways with the dinosaurs.

https://www.penza.kp.ru/daily/26941/3992782/

This post was edited by Penzyak-04.03.2019 10: 26

Pictures:
picture: __________________.jpg

__________________.jpg — (281.73к)

Likes: 1

05.03.2019 14:43, А.Й.Элез

Scientists: In 100 years on the Earth there will be no insects

Plummeting insect numbers 'threaten collapse of nature'

https://www.theguardian.com/environment/201...lapse-of-nature

Insects Are In 'Catastrophic' Decline Worldwide, Scientists Warn
More than 40 percent of insects are at risk of extinction within 100 years.

Earth seeing 'catastrophic collapse' of insects

Francisco Sanchez - Bayo from the University of Sydney, Australia, and his colleague Kris Wyckhuys from the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences analyzed the results of several dozen studies that studied the life of insects. And they found that life was wasting away at a catastrophic rate. Insects are getting smaller and smaller. Their mass decreases by 2.5 percent every year.

"The losses are shocking," the authors write in the journal Biological Conservation. "In 10 years, we will have a quarter fewer insects, in 50 years only half will remain, and in 100 years they will disappear altogether. The consequences are expected to be catastrophic. After all, insects are the basis of the earth's ecosystem.

Scientists predict a chain reaction: insects will disappear, animals that feed on them - reptiles, amphibians, birds-will starve to death. Plants will die - there will be no one to pollinate them. Plants will be followed by herbivores, and herbivores will be followed by carnivores. So everyone will die out after the insects — including people, because they will also have nothing to eat.

Now the number of all insects, including flies, is decreasing. But butterflies, all sorts of moths, bees and dung beetles disappear faster than others.

Sanchez-Baio and e Chris Wickhuis do not place the blame on climate change, as one might expect. Like, this is not the main thing. Insects are being destroyed by humans — more precisely, our agriculture, which is becoming more intense from year to year. Cultivated land robs insects of their natural habitat, and pesticides and fertilizers simply kill them.

Researchers do not have a recipe for salvation. They only suggest that approaches to farming should be reviewed.

By the way, the current "messengers of the apocalypse" are far from the first. The alarm was sounded before them.

In 2018, American scientists pointed out that the number of insects in tropical forests has significantly decreased — for example, in the El Yunque National Reserve (Puerto Rico). The number of insectivorous animals has also decreased.

In May 2017, the authoritative scientific journal Science Mag published an article titled " Where have all the insects gone?" It was about a study conducted by German enthusiasts from the Krefeld Entomological Society community. They caught insects in traps. Luck was 60 times less frequent than their colleagues 40 years ago. From what enthusiasts concluded: insects and in fact became less. And they began to catch after they listened to drivers who assured that car windshields now remain clean even on fast country trips. And once they were completely stained, we had to wash them strenuously from the remains of all sorts of flies, beetles and moths. Drivers bought special cleaning fluids. Now they are not needed. There is all sorts of dirt, there are no insect remains. Well, almost none.

"The phenomenon of the windshield" - this is what entomologists called the situation that developed then in Europe, and now, perhaps, around the world. Something is wrong with nature.

Reducing the number of insects may be part of a larger process - the mass extinction of living things in general. The sixth in a row. The fact that it began was announced by American scientists from Princeton, Stanford, and California Universities and their Mexican colleagues from the National Autonomous University of Mexico. They, as they say, looked around, were horrified and prepared a corresponding report. In 2015, it was published in the journal Science Advances.

As one of the leaders of the study, environmental professor Paul Ehrlich (Paul Ehrlich, the Bing Professor of Population Studies in biology and a senior fellow at the Stanford Woods Institute for the Environment), since 1500, 320 vertebrate species have irrevocably left our world.

Previously, only two species of mammals died out once every 100 years, but now the rate of extinction has increased almost 100 times. And it's approaching the rate at which species went extinct 66 million years ago, when the Earth parted ways with the dinosaurs.

https://www.penza.kp.ru/daily/26941/3992782/

I understand that they didn't think to blame the" unauthorized collection " there. And then thank God. But what are we going to do now? Cover the nets so that the insects are covered not in a hundred years, but in a hundred years and one hundredth of a second, or catch as much as possible (and first of all what will die out earlier, and not what will last for a long time) and perpetuate on a pin before it's too late?

By the way, on windshields, broken fauna should be taken into account not according to the assessment of the owner of a single glass (i.e., per car), but in total for a certain territory, i.e. do not forget that there are simply more cars (although anthropogenic, of course, and in addition to the influence of cars, the biomass of non-synanthropic species in nature reduces, you can't argue with that). I think that even a hundred years ago, if so many cars were let out on Yaroslavka within the MO as there are now, it would be good for the whole night if one quarter of the shovel per windshield would have to be used. And the trap on average (specifically, of course, varies depending on the skill and location) in a civilized area today goes less, since there are a lot of anthropogenic unintentional "traps" besides ours (sometimes purely accidentally more catchy than we can invent on purpose).

And to catch the light-the sky is no longer buzzing, since the illumination here and there is such that you will soon not be able to find your own lantern among the others. And such gas stations are sometimes found that their catchability (at least by mass) at night will cover our entire topic according to the method of fishing for light like an ox for a sheep; and after all, almost the entire mass, every night, is doomed to perish. And has anyone summed up the simultaneous number of insects at all light sources in a certain vast territory? Or, since this is unthinkable, instead of a scientific determination of the number, they are again pushing "accounting methods", and the grant conditions then provide for the mandatory publication of a priori panicked and obviously bullshit "results" in the media and on the web? So, maybe it's time we stop playing with their empty barrels, so that when not only competent scientists, but already the law recognizes the greens ex professo as an international criminal organization, do not blush too much for our current experiences?

Therefore, I express my naive hope that there will not be such an idiot who would interpret my words in the spirit of refusing to protect biotopes and strengthening criminal liability for their unjustified violation...

Likes: 4

06.03.2019 11:23, niyaz

Invasive species have been the sole cause of 126 out of 935 (or 13 percent) of all plant and animal extinctions recorded since 1500, the authors of an article in the journal Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment calculated. For 25 percent of the plants and 33 percent of the animals that became extinct during this time, invasive species were at least one of the causes of extinction, making them a leading factor in this process.

Invasive (the term "invasive" is also used) species enter ecosystems as a result of human activity: this can happen either accidentally, for example, with the ballast water of ships (thanks to which the ctenophore settled in the Black Sea) or wooden crates for cargo (such as the Asian barbel and the ashen emerald narrow-bodied goldfish), or intentionally, as, for example, it was with the Mozambique tilapia Oreochromis mossambicus, a popular fish species in aquaculture, or Sosnovsky's hogweed. Very often, in a new location, invasive species completely or almost completely displace natural competitors.

Tim Blackburn of University College London and his colleagues analyzed data on plant and animal extinctions since 1500 in the Red List maintained by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). In total, they found 935 documented cases of extinction during this time, for which the causes were determined.

It turned out that for 300 of the 935 (32 percent) extinctions, invasive species were at least one of the causes, and for 42 percent of these 300, the only cause. At least partly due to invasive species, 261 of 782 animal species and 39 of 153 plant species have become extinct. Alien species became the leader among the 12 extinction factors identified by the IUCN Red List, bypassing the use of biological resources (18.8 percent of all cases of extinction).

Thus, the authors note, invasive species not only proved to be a decisive factor for a large proportion of recorded extinctions, but also significantly bypassed native species (which were not the only reason for any known extinction).

https://nplus1.ru/news/2019/03/05/invasive-...paign=brkngnews

Likes: 1

09.03.2019 0:05, Wild Yuri

A Frenchman, a Parisian, told me in Tours: near Paris now there are only synanthropic butterfly species. Thistles, admirals, thistles, peacock's eye... Nothing to set your eyes on (random pun intended). And in his childhood, half a century ago, there were three times more butterfly species. I asked: why? Because, "he says," the plant composition has become very poor. Meadows and clearings in forests turn, in fact, into a lawn. Trampling, firing sticks... Fans of highways-from Paris, where butterflies are beaten... He admired how many butterflies we had. We went to the Seaside taiga... They lived in a dying village. The grass was trampled by tigers, the last one fell in the civil war. Once an hour a car "crept" along the broken dirt road, butterflies fluttered and circled around it...

This post was edited by Wild Yuri - 12.03.2019 11: 24

Likes: 3

11.03.2019 14:43, Penzyak

According to the invasive species, it was already clear that this will not pass "without a trace" for our fauna... Take for example the introduction of the American mink and muskrat - they led to a catastrophic decline in the number of muskrat and European mink in the Russian Federation, weaker species than aggressive and prolific invaders... And if they start importing white-tailed deer now, then in the foreseeable future our wild ungulates (a disease of chronic exhaustion of deer)will also be covered https://www.ohotniki.ru/hunting/article/201...ogi-belyiy.html ... although, for example, the African swine fever, thanks to the successful CIA operation in the Caucasus, quite illegally caused trouble in the south-west of the European part of the Russian Federation... so there are still a lot of things that the Americans can throw at us in the near future and without our stupidity-such as the import of boxwood firewood along with cultivated boxwood seedlings from southern Europe due to the stupidity of officials and the rottenness of the drained state quarantine inspection of the Russian Federation... what led to the catastrophe of the remnants of our relict boxwood forests...

Why until now (should have been released in 2017) https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%...%81%D0%B8%D0%B8
there is no new edition of the CC of Russia volume Animals-yes, all the same human factor, but not fans of "leeches" and more brutal (their share of the Russian population is negligible - but this is still that fat and refined stratum of business people in the Russian Federation) fans of hunting wild ungulates, you know, give them new hunting species like Siberian mountain goat, Yakut snow sheep and others. About the twists and turns of this muddy business, see here - http://www.ebftour.ru/gallery.htm?id=10329 According to the CC RF, there were no such advanced "mountain hunters" and the new book was published already in 2008...

Boris Stradomsky also told me about the effect of a" clean car windshield " in Europe, recalling the results of their road trips ten years ago... He wondered how many insects we had and where they were?? Unfortunately, the intensification of agriculture and urbanisation of the territories will not pass by the European part of Russia - which we already see in part in the south-west of the Russian Federation. And whether those pathetic crumbs of the existing territories of protected areas and nature reserves of the Russian Federation (which are oppressed and persecuted in every possible way in our time) will help in preserving the insect fauna, I very much doubt...

This post was edited by Penzyak - 11.03.2019 15: 22

Likes: 1

25.04.2019 22:02, Bad Den

I'm tempted to ask people-Did you read how?..

Golub V. B., Shestopalov A. G., Masalykin A. I. Population size of the deer beetle Lucanus cervus (L.) of the forest massif in the Voronezh Region, calculated from the food residues of the shrike-zhulan Lanius collurio (L.). Volume 1, No 1-Belgorod, 2019. pp. 28-31.

If we take into account that the larva of a deer beetle develops for 3-4 years, then 90-120 thousand larvae live in this forest, which for their nutrition must find how many oak stumps...? etc. etc.

Exactly.
And how many beetles didn't get the shrike, but got caught in the beaks of crows/magpies/rooks/bats? And how many did not get caught by anyone and left offspring?
So the quantity estimate can be increased at least twice.

26.04.2019 9:38, Penzyak

Yes, Oleg, go to Barkovka, what are the nature reserves, protected areas and red books - what's going on there, remember how it was 10 years ago-how did your red book help? And drive to Nikonovo - there is also something to be horrified about.. So far, the red Book has only saved the stag beetle from you

Alexander, and if you do nothing at all, it will be even worse. And Barkovka was fucked up by Ruseev with the direct connivance of Bochkarev, people who are not stupid living today-they deeply do not care what happens after them. Do we need to be like them or something? Nikonovsky Bor most likely burned intentionally that would then drill wood smoked cut down and sell... but after all, they plant trees there and reclaim the fire, life goes on...
This year, on behalf of the University, I took part in various school conferences and science festivals, told and showed the insect fauna of the Penza region to Penza schoolchildren. Of course, they are not taught much about insects at school, and they almost universally call the bronze beetle the May beetle... But, it is very interesting and instructive for them, looking at them you understand why you work and do science. And with your rotten philosophy, all you have to do is husk seeds on the sidewalk and drink bitter water out of desperation. Alas, I am not interested in this and there is no point in discussing it, just shaking the air.

Likes: 1

28.04.2019 12:47, А.Й.Элез

I am grateful to T. Penzyak for the link, as well as for everything that he (regardless of his personal position) does here objectively to expose bedbug-preserving paranoia. I would not be surprised if it is largely thanks to his efforts that not only our forum, but, you see, the whole country will recover from this disease.

Judging by the title of the article, in the Chernozem region, the shrike's food remains are not used to determine its own menu or the state of its own gastrointestinal tract, but the population size (!) of one of the many species it devours, and this is not statistically the main one; this is now considered a "method"; besides, the cervus mostly hangs around in the forest and along the edges, plus at night anywhere in the light, the shrike does not fly to the light at night, but during the day it lives in open spaces, so in clearings it can often be found with a grasshopper in its beak, and not at all with a cervus, and even among thorned bushes (again, in open areas). places!) Entomofauna is hardly common cervus, I personally have never come across. How can you not remember Mayakovsky here:

There will be no science there,
But the red books will bloom,
Where such people
Know How to get into people...

Oh, who would teach Roskomstat to judge the population's food supply not by bureaucratic reports, but by the excrement of the vast majority of the population...

This post was edited by A. J. Elez - 04/28/2019 12: 57

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11.07.2019 14:39, Rattus norvegicus

Yes, and the conversations are still the same))….from a few pieces will not lose....this is from the how to series, stealing is not good in principle, but you can eat peaches...they are too delicious)))….the most annoying thing is that in general the mentality we have is like this....we have on the quarries near Moscow, not far from home, people rest every year ... around sparse pine forests without undergrowth.....in the last century, there were also apollons, and Lemonia dumi ...but the stonecrop with a hawk was trampled...everything was polluted ...the cattle just litter, and the most intelligent garbage in bags and under the tree ... from 2-3 bags, too, will not decrease....yes, and only fools came up with cars 200 m from the shore ... I breed and periodically release rare species into the nature...for example, this year in the Lukhovits area I released three female pavonias and tau...if someone catches them in the light, I think nature will also not lose much, but the collector will be happy.....

11.07.2019 17:02, Rattus norvegicus

Females, of course, are inseminated and there are suitable biotopes for caterpillars....or do you think I'm completely stupid?))..... to my home in the Moscow region, local males constantly fly to the females and no gigantomania of three million is needed....eggs from three females above the roof.... and the connection is direct-the usual violation of the law!!!....but as you know, " the strictness of laws is compensated by their non-compliance."...it's just that on fishing sites, moderators at least delete photos of Red Book fish caught, and here, as always, no one cares...and at the expense of statistical error, I know in Moscow State University.since the population of a rare orchid plant was almost completely destroyed as a result of a "statistical error" in the collection of a scientific herbarium...

23.07.2019 7:35, Larinus

Another urban myth, do you collect them or something?
Here is the third article on your link (by the way, it would not hurt to correct it):

Everything is fine here: the reason is climate change (this is now such a new fashion meme instead of the mossy "global warming" that people no longer like), and the consequence is famine in Russia (probably relevant for those Russians who eat only honey, and even those who earn a living by beekeeping ). Einstein, who, because of the scope of his scientific interests, could hardly imagine the scope of the concept of "bees", is excusable, but the entomologist is not.

But in reality, there is only the extinction of individual apiaries as a result of the incompetence of individual beekeepers and the conflict of interests between them and gardeners. It has nothing to do with nature conservation at all, as bees "die out" in culture.

Dear ENO, you are partly right when it comes to common honeybees. But if we talk about wild bees, the situation is really not encouraging. See, for example, the IUCN Red List. A sharp drop in the number of wild bees up to the extinction is fraught with more serious consequences for agriculture - a significant reduction in the yield of hundreds of agricultural crops - fruit, berry, fodder, sunflower, cotton, etc.