Zygaena transalpina (Esper, 1780)

Taxonomy
class Insecta → subclass Pterygota → infraclass Neoptera → superorder Holometabola → order Lepidoptera → superfamily Zygaenoidea → family Zygaenidae → subfamily Zygaeninae → genus Zygaena → subgenus Zygaena → species Zygaena transalpina
Species name(s)
Zygaena (Zygaena) transalpina (Esper, 1780) = Sphinx transalpina Esper, 1780 = Sphinx ratisbonica Scheven, 1782 = Sphinx astragali Borkhausen, 1793 = Zygaena alpina Boisduval, 1834 = Zygaena xanthographa Germar, [1835] = Zygaena maritima Oberthür, 1898 = Sphinx hippocrepidis Hübner, 1799 = Sphinx hippocrepis Hübner, [1806] = Zygaena hippocrepidis = Zygaena (Zygaena) hippocrepidis = Zygaena (Zygaena) transalpina = Zygaena autumnalis Verity 1916 = Zygaena ratisbonica Scheven 1782.
urn:lsid:insecta.pro:taxonomy:11844
Expansion
Zoogeographical regions
Palaearctic.
Forewing length
14—15 mm.
Primary colors
Red, Green, Brown/Gray/Black.
Flight time
January | February | March | April | May | June | July | August | September | October | November | December |
Larva lifespan
January | February | March | April | May | June | July | August | September | October | November | December |
Over-wintering stage
Larva.

Detailed information with references
Habitus and Differences from alike species
- Length of front wing - 1.5 cm, it is usually 6 red spots, though sometimes only 5. Representatives of subspecies ssp. tilaventa shine in the Alps yellow instead of red spots. Generally, the butterfly is highly variable, and forms a separate race for each limited site area (in Central Europe about six such races). [5]. Peter Khramov.
Distribution
- Austria, Belgium, Germany, Spain, Italy, Luxembourg, France, Switzerland, Yugoslavia. [1]. Peter Khramov.
- Andorra, Austria, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina ?, Germany, Spain (mainland), Italy (mainland), Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Slovenia, France (mainland), Croatia, Switzerland. [10]. Peter Khramov.
- Calcareous Alps, the mountains of Central Europe. [5]. Peter Khramov.
Lifespan
- From June to August. [5]. Peter Khramov.
Additional info about Imago
- Butterfly can be found only on calcareous soils, dry sunny slopes with sparse vegetation. [5]. Peter Khramov.
Larva lifespan
- From August to June. [5]. Peter Khramov.
Larva food plants
- Lotus, Coronilla, Hippocrepis. [28]. Peter Khramov.
- Lyadvenets and coronilla, gippokrepis crested .. [5]. Peter Khramov.
Overwintering stage
- Caterpillar overwinters. [5]. Peter Khramov.
Subspecies Zygaena transalpina
- Z. t. albana Burgeff, 1926.
- Z. t. allgaviana Burgeff, 1926.
- Z. t. alpina (Boisduval, 1834).
- Z. t. alpina Boisduval, 1834.
- Z. t. altamaritima Dujardin, 1956.
- Z. t. altitudinaria (Turati, 1910).
- Z. t. altitudinaria Turati, 1910.
- Z. t. angelicotransalpina Daniel, 1954.
- Z. t. annae (Aistleitner, 1979).
- Z. t. astragali (Borkhausen, 1793).
- Z. t. astragali Borkhausen, 1793.
- Z. t. astragalpina Rocci, 1938.
- Z. t. athicaria Burgeff, 1926.
- Z. t. bavarica (Burgeff, 1922).
- Z. t. bavarica Burgeff, 1922.
- Z. t. boicophila Reiss, 1941.
- Z. t. calabrica Calberla, 1895.
- Z. t. carentaniae Rocci, 1937.
- Z. t. centralis (Oberthur, 1907).
- Z. t. centralis Oberthür, 1907.
- Z. t. centricataloniae (Burgeff, 1926).
- Z. t. centricataloniae Burgeff, 1926.
- Z. t. centrimeridionalis Mazel, 1977.
- Z. t. centripyrenaea (Burgeff, 1926).
- Z. t. centripyrenaea Burgeff, 1926.
- Z. t. collina (Burgeff, 1926).
- Z. t. collina Burgeff, 1926.
- Z. t. curtisi (Tremewan, 1961).
- Z. t. curtisi Tremewan, 1961.
- Z. t. dominatrix Rocci, 1941.
- Z. t. dufayi (Dujardin, 1965).
- Z. t. dufayi Dujardin, 1965.
- Z. t. emendata (Verity, 1916).
- Z. t. emendata Verity, 1916.
- Z. t. frigidalpina Rocci, 1941.
- Z. t. garganica Wiegel, 1973.
- Z. t. glockneriana Leinfest, 1949.
- Z. t. gulsensis (Daniel, 1954).
- Z. t. gulsensis Daniel, 1954.
- Z. t. hartigi Rocci, 1936.
- Z. t. helvetica (Bethune-Baker & Rothschild, 1921).
- Z. t. helvetica Rothschild & Bethune-Baker, 1920.
- Z. t. hilfi (Reiss, 1922).
- Z. t. hilfi Reiss, 1922.
- Z. t. hippocrepidis (Hubner, 1799).
- Z. t. holikiana Rocci, 1937.
- Z. t. intermedia (Rocci, 1914).
- Z. t. intermedia Rocci, 1914.
- Z. t. jugi (Burgeff, 1926).
- Z. t. jugi Burgeff, 1926.
- Z. t. jurassica Burgeff, 1914.
- Z. t. jurassoboica Burgeff, 1926.
- Z. t. lacustris Rocci, 1938.
- Z. t. latina (Verity, 1920).
- Z. t. latina Verity, 1920.
- Z. t. litorea Burgeff, 1926.
- Z. t. macromaritima Rocci, 1938.
- Z. t. maritima (Oberthur, 1898).
- Z. t. maritima Oberthür, 1898.
- Z. t. marujae (Tremewan & Manley, 1965).
- Z. t. marujae Tremewan & Manley, 1965.
- Z. t. mauriae Rocci, 1936.
- Z. t. megastragali Rocci, 1938.
- Z. t. miltosa (Candeze, 1883).
- Z. t. misurinae Rocci, 1936.
- Z. t. nambinica Rocci, 1936.
- Z. t. nantuatium Verity, 1946.
- Z. t. nigraltudinaria Rocci, 1937.
- Z. t. occidentalis Oberthür, 1907.
- Z. t. osthelderiana Reiss, 1941.
- Z. t. philippsi (Romei, 1927).
- Z. t. philippsi Romei, 1927.
- Z. t. piemontiae Reiss, 1941.
- Z. t. pinguis Burgeff, 1926.
- Z. t. poschiavica Reiss, 1950.
- Z. t. promunturii Burgeff, 1921.
- Z. t. provincialis (Oberthur, 1907).
- Z. t. provincialis Oberthür, 1907.
- Z. t. pseudoalpina (Turati, 1910).
- Z. t. pseudoalpina Turati, 1910.
- Z. t. redempta Rocci, 1937.
- Z. t. relicta Reiss, 1950.
- Z. t. rhaetiaemixta Reiss, 1950.
- Z. t. rhodani Burgeff, 1965.
- Z. t. rupicola (Rocci, 1936).
- Z. t. rupicola Rocci, 1936.
- Z. t. rupicolal Rocci, 1936.
- Z. t. sabina Rocci, 1938.
- Z. t. segusterica Dujardin, 1965.
- Z. t. sorrentina Staudinger, 1894.
- Z. t. sorrentinaeformis (Rocci, 1938).
- Z. t. sorrentinaeformis Rocci, 1938.
- Z. t. sorrentinoides Rocci, 1938.
- Z. t. splugena (Burgeff, 1926).
- Z. t. splugena Burgeff, 1926.
- Z. t. subalticola (Rocci, 1918).
- Z. t. subalticola Rocci, 1918.
- Z. t. subemendata Rocci, 1936.
- Z. t. subjugi Rocci, 1938.
- Z. t. tenuissima (Burgeff, 1914).
- Z. t. tenuissima Burgeff, 1914.
- Z. t. tigulii Rocci, 1938.
- Z. t. tilaventa (Holik, 1935).
- Z. t. tilaventa Holik, 1935.
- Z. t. tonalensis Rocci, 1936.
- Z. t. transalpina (Esper, 1780).
- Z. t. transalpina.
- Z. t. victrix Rocci, 1941.
- Z. t. xanthographa (Germar, 1836).
Authors
Initial species uploading to the site: Peter Khramov.
Photos:
Paolo Mazzei. Text data: Peter Khramov.
Main characteristics formalization: Peter Khramov, Sergei Kotov.
Color characteristics formalization: Peter Khramov.
References
- [1] O. Karsholt, J. Razowski (eds.), 1996. The Lepidoptera of Europe: a distributional checklist
- [5] Райххолф-Рим Х. Бабочки. М.: Астрель, 2002
- [10] de Jong, Y.S.D.M. (ed.) (2011) Fauna Europaea version 2.4 (faunaeur.org)
- [28] Moths and Butterflies of Europe and North Africa (leps.it), 2012
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