A strange subspecies of the malarial mosquito has been discovered

This is more precisely stated in this extract:
http://www.nature.com/news/2011/110203/ful...ws.2011.69.html

there are two significant points

"The researchers tested the insects for genetic markers and mutations across the genome, and compared them with adults caught inside. They found that the indoor-caught insects consisted of two previously known, genetically distinct types of A. gambiae, which look the same but rarely interbreed. But the outdoor-caught mosquitoes had three distinct types — the two known ones and the previously unknown group, Goundry. And 58% of Goundry mosquitoes that were fed malaria-infected blood picked up the parasite, compared with 35% of the indoor mosquitoes."

"there is still no solid evidence of outdoor-living mosquitoes that infect people with malaria"

It's a pity that I can't open the full article yet,

http://www.sciencemag.org/content/331/6017/596

Here I found it, briefly, to the point and accurately stated:

"Population subgroups of the African malaria vector Anopheles gambiae have not been comprehensively characterized owing to the lack of unbiased sampling methods. In the arid savanna zone of West Africa, where potential oviposition sites are scarce, widespread collection from larval pools in the peridomestic human habitat yielded a comprehensive genetic survey of local A. gambiae population subgroups, independent of adult resting behavior and ecol. preference. A previously unknown subgroup of exophilic A. gambiae is sympatric with the known endophilic A. gambiae in this region. The exophilic subgroup is abundant, lacks differentiation into M and S mol. forms, and is highly susceptible to infection with wild Plasmodium falciparum."

This post was edited by amara - 05.02.2011 13: 44

At one time, as a child, I was struck by the article by Vitaly Nikolaevich Tanasiychuk in Science and Life (~ 1976) "Hierarchy of the infinite", where he cites the example of malarial mosquitoes, proving that entomologists do not eat bread in vain and entomology has long paid for its expenses by saving a huge number of people from infections. It described the European species "maculipennis" ("spot-winged"), which, upon closer inspection, turned out to be a complex of cryptic species. Moreover, it was A. maculipennis (s. str.) that did not tolerate malaria and the fight against it was a waste of money. There were times when they poisoned the wrong swamps (somewhere in the south of Europe), without knowing the exact habitat of mosquito larvae-carriers of malaria plasmodium - this is described in another book.

I heard the ringing ...that malaria in the 19th century also occurred in the Arkhangelsk province.
Specialists, is this possible?

This post was edited by CosMosk-05.02.2011 18: 15

Pictures:

x_a331c5ca.jpg — (35.27к)

I heard the ringing ...that malaria in the 19th century also occurred in the Arkhangelsk province.
Specialists, is this possible?

And the photo of the South American Sabethes will not confuse people? Otherwise, many people will think that the malarial mosquito looks like this .
Seriously, it's - as far as I'm concerned-impossible. Plasmodium development requires a rather long sum of effective temperatures. Another thing is imported malaria and mosquito transmission from person to person without overwintering. Arrivals of malaria cases, I think, took place. But - as a natural hearth-incredible. In Ukraine, plasmodium is not fully developed in the steppe zone. A full cycle is possible on the Southern Railway. There, by the way, lives the same species, it seems-which still tolerates.

If specialists correct IMHO - I will only be glad. I'm not an epidemiologist or parasitologist...

I heard the ringing ...that malaria in the 19th century also occurred in the Arkhangelsk province.
Specialists, is this possible?

Except that in the 19th century it was much warmer . This is unlikely. I am not an expert on malaria, but it is known that the development of plasmodium (pathogen) requires high (southern) temperatures.
Now, with climate warming, the border may move to the north. Here's what one article on Russia says::

"In the south of Russia, the distribution is as follows.
Low level of malariogenicity – Ulyanovsk, Samara, Saratov, Voronezh, Kalmykia, Bashkortostan.
The average level of malariogenicity is in Volgograd, Rostov, Stavropol, Kabardino-Balkaria.
High level of malariogenicity – Krasnodar, Dagestan, Astrakhan.
In the Volga region:
Highly malariogenic – the Akhtuba zone of Astrakhan and Volgograd, forest-steppe zones of Saratov, Samara, Ulyanovsk, and Tatarstan. There were 55 secondary cases of imported three-day malaria in 1998-2000."

Naturally, an already infected person can come from the tropics anywhere and there already, on the spot, be diagnosed.

Sabethes - to attract attention, as usual in the Internet, and thank you for identifying)
And also for information on the topic - the development cycles of parasites in mosquitoes.

Medicinally important parasites and their life inside the host. a-e: Plasmodium (Malaria); Trypanosoma brucei gambiense (Sleeping sickness); Leishmania (leishmaniasis); Wuchereria bancrofti (river blindness); Dengue fever virus.

Pictures:

medic.jpeg — (94.43к)

"The number of registered malaria patients in Russia at the end of the XIX — beginning of the XX century was 3.5 million people annually. In the 20s-30s of the XX century, there was an increase in the incidence of malaria. The peak of the growth in the number of malaria patients in the Soviet Union occurred in 1934, when 9,474,000 patients were registered, and the prevalence reached 5,600 per 100,000 population (L. V. Gromashevsky). The true number of patients with malaria, it is possible, was 2-3 times more (I. A. Dobreitzer). During this period, according to L. V. Gromashevsky, there were two really massive infections in the country-influenza and malaria.

During the period of mass spread of malaria, its penetration to the north was limited exclusively by natural and climatic factors — the lack of heat for the development of the parasite in the mosquito's body. However, in the 1920s, malaria was registered even in the Arkhangelsk region. However, the most severe situation in Russia was observed in the Volga region, the Urals and the North Caucasus."
Voshchem, doctors write, not journalists... Imported patients in those years were hardly expected... A negative answer does not negate the possibility of a positive one.

Well, here in the topic they wrote about imported patients, about their possibility even near Arkhangelsk. With a high level of morbidity in the southern provinces, even a relatively small number of people (pilgrims to the Solovetsky Monastery, for example; merchants conducting any business; etc.) could lead to "...registration ... " (note that there is no assessment of any, even the initial level of the epidemiological situation). And huge masses of people began to move into the Civilian life.

And the photo of the South American Sabethes will not confuse people? Otherwise, many people will think that the malarial mosquito looks like this .
Seriously, it's - as far as I'm concerned-impossible. Plasmodium development requires a rather long sum of effective temperatures. Another thing is imported malaria and mosquito transmission from person to person without overwintering. Arrivals of malaria cases, I think, took place. But - as a natural hearth-incredible.

Indeed, imported malaria occurs even in Moscow, the so-called dacha malaria (guest workers from the southern republics come to build dachas). Effective carriers are available all over the middle zone.

now-yes, patients arrive quickly,but even at the beginning of the 20th or earlier-they would not have had time to get there. About "eff. carriers are all over the WED band"- I doubt it - theoretically there are, but practically those and only those carry, in which plasmodium, virus, or the like survivesmultiplies specifically for the transfer. And these are few in number.

But yes, there are many of our own cold and flu-like viruses that we carry without coughing or going to the doctors.
On the other hand, antigens in the Volga Delta found almost anything, literally up to yellow fever. So where are the eepidemias?
there will be no links - this is based on impressions from the collections of ent theses.conventions.

Indeed, imported malaria occurs even in Moscow, the so-called dacha malaria (guest workers from the southern republics come to build dachas). Effective carriers are available all over the middle zone.

In Donetsk (I quote from the words of an employee of the SES), the last case of malaria was registered a few years ago - a man from Azerbaijan, who had already arrived with the disease. I think there should be more facts, given that malaria, as far as I know, comes in many forms, and is sometimes difficult to treat. The risk group primarily includes students from the Middle East. We have very few students from Africa now, but there used to be teachers from Senegal.

now-yes, patients arrive quickly,but even at the beginning of the 20th or earlier-they would not have had time to get there...

On the other hand, antigens in the Volga Delta found almost anything, literally up to yellow fever. So where are the eepidemias?..

http://zabolevaniya.ru
"...a number of clinical manifestations of the disease are characteristic of all forms. The duration of the incubation period depends on the type of pathogen. For tropical malaria, it is 6-16 days, for three-day malaria with a short incubation period-7-21 days (for long incubation-8-14 months), for oval malaria-7-20 days (in some cases 8-14 months), and for four — day malaria — 14-42 days. At the beginning of the disease, there may be a period of prodroma, manifested by malaise, drowsiness, headache, body aches, remitting fever. After 3-4 days, there is an attack of malaria, during which there are three periods-chills, fever, heavy sweating..."

That is, an incubus. the period is AT LEAST a week, or even up to a month. I think we could have taken the train from Astrakhan to Arkhangelsk (on the Paulus line, by the way) in a couple of weeks, even in the 1920s.

2. The last question is rhetorical. From many people, as far as I know, you can sow both tuberculosis bacillus and almost the plague.

Here is evidence of the penetration of a malarial mosquito for Arkhangelsk:

Pictures:

5019_ede42563.jpg — (123.77к)


5020_cecd781f.jpg — (124.4к)


5021_447ba595.jpg — (139.53к)

This is not malarial - it has short palps)

Wow=)) Such as bites - it will not seem enough=)))))))))))))