P. apollo

The Sailfish family is Papilionidae. A rare species with a tendency to decline in numbers, listed in the Red Book. My favorite habitat is dry forests and copses. In Eastern Siberia, it is observed in places with an open landscape. In the mountains it occurs at an altitude of 1000-3000m. above sea level. In the mountains of Siberia, it lives up to the mountain tundra.
The wingspan reaches 4.5 cm. Fly in July-August, the flight is slow, uneven, often gliding. They fly in fairly limited areas, and are more active at noon. They are not shy, and when approaching a potential enemy, they move their upper wings away, showing red eyes. They feed on the flowers of various plants.
They have one generation per year. Females start mating soon after emerging from their pupae. Caterpillars emerge from the eggs in autumn or spring, feeding on the leaves of plants. In cloudy weather, early-aged caterpillars form clusters. The development of caterpillars is completed in June, pupation takes place on the ground, in a light cocoon. The pupal stage lasts about two weeks.

The butterfly is large, the wingspan is not 4.5, but rather 8.5 (typo?)

Additions.
1. Caterpillars feed on sedum (Sedum spp.)
2. P. apollo (lowland European populations) prefers xerophytic stations on sand. These can be borovye glades, areas of open sand with low-growing pines. It is not found directly under the forest canopy, and the high-trunked forest is a barrier to the spread of butterflies. Based on a number of ecological and geographical features (xerophilicity, boreal-montane area), it can be assumed that Apollo is a relic of the so-called "mammoth fauna", characteristic of the tundra steppe.
3. Mountain populations differ from lowland ones ecologically-they prefer gravelly slopes - and do not tend to decrease in number.
4. The extinction of lowland populations is associated with the disappearance of biotopes (as a result of both human activity and natural processes - overgrowing of open areas with pine), as well as, possibly, as a result of the depletion of the genetic diversity of isolated micropopulations.

Yes. Typo, Of Course 8.

Question: If it is possible to make some additions and comments, what kind of information should be posted?
And then, for sure, there will be a lot of forum visitors who want to get to know Apollo better.

I will make one addition right now: learn more about caterpillar food plants. On Sedum album and Sedum telephium cleaning products.

Question: If it is possible to make some additions and comments, what kind of information should be posted?

Click on the link at the beginning of the topic. Below the image will be a form for add-ons. You can enter it there.
And the link to go to the "Pictures" section is on the main page of the entire MolBiol forum, it is not available in Entomology.

I will make one addition right now: learn more about caterpillar food plants. On Sedum album and Sedum telephium sediments.

Yeah, but IMHO it is necessary to drown out that this is about lowland populations. I specifically wrote spp, because where is the thread in the Central Asian mountains, there are probably other cleanings

P.S. I went there right now - it turns out that all posts on this topic are displayed in the add-ons!

This post was edited by Helene - 03/10/2006 13: 34

Often the female looks more efficient and brighter than the male: in the male, all the elements on the wings are smaller than in the female, and the background color of his wings is pure white (in the female, they have a grayish tint).
Unlike males, females have almost no hairs on the abdomen - it is black and shiny.
In the photos, the boy (:

K. A. A. Respect!

No, comrades. The pictures show a female. The male has a hairy, straight, fluffy body. I caught them myself, brought them out myself. A female without a doubt, guys!

I didn't catch it myself, but I realized from the books that the photo looked more like a male: the white color of the wings and still a small number of hairs on the abdomen probably confused me... If it were possible to compare (:
Here is another addition: these butterflies are characterized by an amazing variability. More than 300 intraspecific forms that do not have a clear localization are described, and more than 10 subspecies that differ in some elements of the wing pattern.

http://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afbeelding:Pa...sius-apollo.jpg
From above, I take it, a male?"

http://butterflywebsite.com/images/buttrfl...ier/Apollo2.jpg
here it is written samka

To avoid any further doubts: Apollo.
You should really pay more attention to such an objective sign as pubescence of the abdomen, and not to the more subjective brightness of the wings...
Another addition: the butterfly is usually not touched by birds because of their "inedibleness", and the butterfly warns about this with its bright color: if it is disturbed, it falls to the ground, spreads its wings and demonstrates its red spots. At the same time, it scrapes its legs on the underside of the wings, reproducing a hissing sound.

This post was edited by K. A. A. - 04/16/2006 17: 10

Not only that-it rustles its paws, it also emits an unpleasant smell!

Add-on for the Middle Zone of the European part of Russia.
years - from the seventh end of June to the 3rd decade of July. The most suitable time is July 3-10 (Vladimir region). The flight of P. apollo is not so smooth and quiet. If you disturb the butterfly, it can sharply wave to the side and quickly glide away. The female can sharply fold her wings in case of danger and dive into some tuft of grass or bush.
In some places, in some years, it is sharply numerous. In the places closest to Moscow, it is reliably preserved only in the Kaluga region, in my opinion near Kozelsk and in the Vladimir region-on the burns between Kovrov and Murom.

As far as I can remember, the females have yellowish hairs on their forelegs, while the males have white hairs like the rest of their bodies. This also applies to other parnassiuss

Come on, the pubescence is very different (the male is fluffy, otherwise you can not say). And at the end of the abdomen, their primary sexual characteristics are clearly visible. And if the female has already mated - so there is finally sfragis.