Subgenus Tribax Fisch., 1817 (Carabus)

Great! For" difficult " types of carbuses, good endophallus preparations are simply necessary.

Carabus (Tribax) titan titan Zolotarev, 1913

Distribution: Bzyb ridge, North-West Caucasus.
It lives in the forest zone and is banal. Above, T. agnatus is replaced,
From T. circassicus it is well cast by the pronotum.

Krasnodar Krai, Absheron district, Lagonak ridge, Guamka village
6-8. VI. 2008

Pictures:

T_titan.JPG — (140.24к)

Carabus (Tribax) constantinowi Starck, 1894

It occurs everywhere in the North-Western Caucasus, is sporadic and rare in the Northern macroslope, and is more abundant in the southern one, and is found on stony rashes and near snowfields.

These beetles were caught at various points on the territory of the SCPBZ

Pictures:

T_constantinowi.JPG — (142.81к)


IMG_4527.JPG — (140.18к)

Carabus (Tribax) agnatus Ganglbauer, 1889

Pretty shallow.
It is distributed in the Western Caucasus, lives in the Alpine mountains, prefers stone rashes, almost does not go into traps, and manual harvesting is the most effective.
Krasnodar Region, GKPBZ, Mostovskoy district, northern spurs of Yat'rgvart h=2400-2600m 09-10. VII. 2008

Pictures:

T_agnathus.JPG — (140.04к)


IMG_4512.JPG — (136.51к)

Indeed, Agnatus is better assembled by hand. There's less of it in the traps than Circassian. Again, this is a more local and demanding biotope species.

Yes, in 2 hours we managed to collect about a hundred, but not a single one came to the traps in the same place.... And agnatus is timed precisely to the height.

This post was edited by Dorcadion-30.09.2008 18: 07

wow! 0_0

Carabus (Tribax) puschkini puschkini Adams, 1817
25mm.
Armenia, Ashotsk, 18. VI. 2001, leg.P. V. Kazaryan

This post was edited by rpanin - 02.03.2009 17: 54

Pictures:

Carabus__Tribax__puschkini_Adams__1817.25mm..jpg — (119.21к)

Carabus (Tribax) puschkini ?puschkini
25mm. Armenia, Ashotsk, 18. VI. 2001, leg.P. V. Kazaryan

Ruslan, did you blow endofallus?

Ruslan, did you blow endofallus?

Damn, it's a pity to gut a whole and singular beetle. It is good to have a series with negative values, at least it is not a pity to put them on the altar of research.
Maybe there will be more time - I will do it.

This post was edited by rpanin - 25.02.2009 15: 20

beautiful )

Carabus (Tribax) steveni ssp. satanas Semenov, 1896
c. Caucasus, Kabardino-Balkaria, Cherek River valley, h=1800 m
. 10. 06-20. 07. 1992 A. Zamotailov leg.

This post was edited by Entalex - 28.02.2011 16: 24

Pictures:

T_steveni_scham.jpg — (146.75 k)


end_stev_scham.jpg — (69.67 k)

What is the difference between this subspecies? Metallic paint?

What is the difference between this subspecies? Metallic paint?

If I'm not mistaken, this color is characteristic of this subspecies and is stable. I don't know any other morphological differences from the nominative, there is no material.

Can you tell me if Tribax constantinowi and Archiplectes constantinowi are different species or are they the same but belong to different subgenera?

Just many over the hill subgenus Tribax do not distinguish.

T. Deuve has the opposite - Archiplectes synonym Tribax

In T. Deuve, on the contrary, Archiplectes is a synonym for Tribax

Yeah, and Trachycarabus is a synonym for Morphocarabus.

I still didn't understand whether it was one or different types, but I thought this question was simple, and therefore, I didn't even dare to ask it right away, so as not to seem like a complete layman.

So it's the same view. However, in my collections, the only specimen was collected in a broad-leaved forest at an altitude of no more than 500 m above sea level. The CCRF (2001) also states that the species is widespread in the forest belt of mountains. And here I found that it is found on stony rashes, near snowfields. So I thought, but we are talking about the same thing. Probably, the species is not particularly "concerned" with mountain zoning issues.

Brzezina has only one constantinowi - (Tribax) biebersteini ssp. constantinowi Starck, 1894

This post was edited by rpanin - 02/27/2009 00: 57

So it's the same view. However, in my collections, the only specimen was collected in a broad-leaved forest at an altitude of no more than 500 m above sea level. The CCRF (2001) also states that the species is widespread in the forest belt of mountains. And here I found that it is found on stony rashes, near snowfields. So I thought, but we are talking about the same thing. Probably, the species is not particularly "concerned" with mountain zoning issues.

Or can you write the point where your instance came from?

In ocd. Sochi, about 3km to the north-west. from the village of Semenovka, to the traps, but it was in 1994. Unfortunately, I'm not technically ready to put up a photo, but I've defined and redefined this instance several times, including by excluding everything that looks a little similar from this region. In general, it is like yours in the photo, the same sculpture on the ndkrl., size approx. 37-38mm, but has some greenish, without tides, shade.

Carabus (Tribax) biebersteini ssp. ingusch Zolotarev, 1913
(according to the list of Makarov and K - Tribax fossiger ssp. ingusch)
10.VI.-31.VII.1993 C.Caucasus, N.Ossetia, valley of river Khazniaush,
h=1400 m, A.Zamotajlov leg.

Pictures:

Tribax_foss_ingush.jpg — (159.71к)


end_foss_ingush.jpg — (51.64к)

Carabus (Tribax) biebersteini is one of the most spectacular species of the subgenus. It has been observed that the species is caught less frequently than Circassian and Agnathus during two seasons in the Arctic Ocean. But, unlike the latter, it is quite willing to go into traps. Interestingly, the subspecies from Dombay is much smaller than the subspecies from Arkhyz-almost 2 times! Yes, the species is very widespread in the Western Caucasus..

This post was edited by Frantic - 02.03.2009 16: 23

I believe that the complexity of the group of species "constantinowi" - "biebersteini" also lies in the fact that comparing the endophallus of males of different forms does not give much for understanding the specifics of the species, and therefore morphological differences and geographical distribution of these forms are given priority - factors are also important. Well
-separated forms, such as constantinowi or fossiger, can easily pass for independent species. On the other hand, I agree with Brezina, who understands this group as a complex single complex, highlighting good (established) and weak (developing) subspecies. This approach allows us to see the development of this group in
the evolutionary plan

Carabus (Tribax) apschuanus Rost, 1893
Caucasus, Krasnodar Krai, GKPBZ, Engelmanovyye polyany
h=1200 m, 29. VII. 2000, A. Zamotailov leg.
male 27 mm, female 32 mm.
A view that forms several evasive shapes. The nominative is described from Abkhazia (Bzyb ridge). It is the largest in size. The northern border of the range is inhabited by a form described as ssp. schoeni Novotny & Vorizhek, 1988, which has been reduced to a synonym of ssp. pseudoplatessa Gottwald, 1982 (Deuve, Brezina). The Makarov and K checklist does not include subspecies.

Pictures:

Tribax_apschuanus_P.jpg — (152.94к)


end_apschuanus.jpg — (57.68к)

The Makarov and K checklist does not include subspecies.

And why do you think that is??

So it's the same view. However, in my collections, the only specimen was collected in a broad-leaved forest at an altitude of no more than 500 m above sea level. The CCRF (2001) also states that the species is widespread in the forest belt of mountains. And here I found that it is found on stony rashes, near snowfields. So I thought, but we are talking about the same thing. Probably, the species is not particularly "concerned" with mountain zoning issues.

he also lives in the forest

Carabus (Tribax) circassicus kubaniensis Semenov, 1896.
Body length 25-29mm.
S-Z Kavkaz, Krasnodar Krai, Chernogor district, 24. V. -29. VII. 1999, A. S. Zamotailov leg.
Unfortunately, no one knows how kubaniensis differs from the nominative.

Pictures:

Carabus__Tribax__circassicus_kubaniensis_Semenov__1896.25_29mm..jpg — (135.97к)


Tribax_circassicus_kubaniensis_Semenov__1896.jpg — (148.22к)

Unfortunately, no one knows how kubaniensis differs from the nominative.

In other words, there are no types and it is impossible to check them?

In theory, kubanensis is generally a form... and then slabenkaya

Carabus (Tribax) circassicus circassicus Ganglbauer, 1886
And although the topic starts with this taxon, I think that a photo of another one with red legs will not hurt .

Abkhazia, zap. skl. Gagra region, east of the Serf river, 930-980 m., lower series, 27. VII. 2000. Leg.Zamotailov A. S.

Pictures:

Carabus__Tribax__circassicus_circassicus_Ganglbauer__1886.jpg — (141.17к)

here are some taxa of tribaxes for review.
Labels on the general plan. More complete images of both variability and bags will be published on disk in Lysandra 3.0.

Pictures:

C__Tribax__titan_abadzechus_total.jpg — (136.67к)


C__Tribax__titan_abadzechus_001.jpg — (115.55к)


C__Tribax__steveni_ssp.jpg — (144.38к)


C__Tribax__steveni_steveni_male.jpg — (110.86к)


C__Tribax__steveni_steveni_female.jpg — (110.9к)


C__Tribax__steveni_ssp_2.jpg — (133.86к)


C__Tribax__schamyli_male.jpg — (109.34к)


C__Tribax__schamyli_female.jpg — (112.67к)


C__Tribax__macropus_rex_edmundi.jpg — (135.42к)


C__Tribax__macropus_male.jpg — (114.93к)


C__Tribax__edmundi_female.jpg — (110.35к)

As an example, I will give a fragment of text from the disk on carabus of Eastern Europe on circassicus circassicus
By this analogy, information will be given for each subspecies.

Carabus (Tribax) circassicus circassicus Ganglbauer, 1886

Synonyms.
=justinae Reitter, 1888 ?"Circassia"
=abasinus Rost, 1893 Bzybsky Mt.R.: Apschua: Mt. Chipshira env.
~abchasicus Reitter, 1896, nec Motschulsky, 1850 "Abkhasia"
=tshchaltensis Novotný & Voříšek, 1988 Abkhazsky Mt. R.: Chkhalta River

Similar ones.
agnatus Ganglbauer, 1889
adelphus Rost, 1892
steveni steveni Ménétriés, 1832, nec Quensel, 1806

Notes on taxonomy.
In Eastern Europe, the species is represented by five Caucasian subspecies. Subspecies do not differ much, and in areas where their ranges overlap, there are major problems in identifying them. The nominative subspecies occupies the most extensive territories along the southern macroslope of the Main Caucasian Ridge and is characterized by red-browed populations. Individuals from Abkhazia (Bzyb karst plateau, Arabica, Chipshire) are characterized by black-browed populations and probably need to preserve the taxon abasinus Rost, 1893 as a subspecies, as previously assumed (Kryzhanovskij et all, 1995, Retezar, 2008). On the northern macroslope of the Main Caucasian Ridge, 4 subspecies are distinguished, which are poorly distinguishable from each other. The subspecies circassicus kubaniensis Semenov, 1896 differs slightly from the nominative one, as does circassicus abagonensis Starck, 1894. Specimens from Przekysch have a set of transitional features to the subspecies circassicus abagonensis Starck, 1894, while those from the northern and eastern slopes of the town of Oshten and the upper reaches of the Kurdzhips River have a set of transitional morphological characteristics closer to the nominative subspecies. This is the presence of red-ribbed and brightly colored forms. Specimens from the interfluve of the Malaya and Bolshaya Laba rivers exhibit a set of transitional morphological characteristics closer to the subspecies circassicus teberdensis Zolotarev, 1913. The most remote area of the subspecies circassicus koshtanensis Belousov & Zamotajlov, 1993 is in Kabardino-Balkaria, but the small number of individuals does not yet allow us to accurately determine the boundaries and status of this poorly studied taxon.

Type locality:
circassicus circassicus Ganglbauer, 1886 - ?Circassia
circassicus abagonensis Starck, 1894-Zap. Caucasus, Abago
circassicus kubaniensis Semenov, 1896-Zap. Caucasus northern slopes, okr. Maikop (Adygea)
circassicus teberdensis Zolotarev, 1913-Central Caucasus, mountains in the Teberdy district (Karachay-Cherkessia)
circassicus koshtanensis Belousov & Zamotajlov, 1993 c. Caucasus, surrounding Bezengi settlement, sources of the Mizirga river.

Etymology of the Latin name.
The name comes from the historical name of the place of collecting type specimens "Circassia" (Black Sea province and the adjacent part of the Kuban region according to G. G. Yakobson (1905).

Russian name.
Bryzgun Chirkassky

Imago length.
20.5-27 mm.

Range of the species.
Western and Central Caucasus, on the southern macroslope of the Main Caucasian Ridge from Tuapse district to Abkhazia, Sukhumi, and on the northern macroslope of the Main Caucasian Ridge from Absheron district of Krasnodar Krai to Cherek district (Bezengi village) of Kabardino-Balkaria. It was not found in the area of the northern slopes of Elbrus.

Type of the species ' range.
West-Central Caucasus.

Distribution of the nominative subspecies in Eastern Europe.
The southern macroslope of the Most Important Caucasian ridge from the Tuapse district (Kashin) to Ts.Georgia (Mingrelia), Sukhumi. It is not found on some parallel coastal ridges (hr. Alek, etc.).

Living environment.
It inhabits beech and beech-fir forests along the banks of mountain rivers and streams, subalpine and alpine meadows, borders of snowfields in alpine meadows on the Main Caucasian Ridge, prefers places with a plentiful number of large stones in the range of heights from 1250 to 2800 m above sea level. It often avoids pure fir forests,

Biology.
The first individuals appear after wintering, as the snow melts, depending on the height from the first decade of April to mid-May and occur until mid-autumn. The adult spends the winter in a cradle prepared by the larva under large flat rocks on the slopes of watercourses.
Breeding was tested only for the nominative subspecies from the ocd. Krasnaya Polyana (Stiprais, 1964). Under laboratory conditions, they mainly fed on earthworms and mollusks. Imago activity was observed both at night and during the day. One female and two males wintered normally and survived until the following summer. Oviposition was extended from August 5 to October 1. A total of 52 eggs were laid. The size of laid eggs is 5.4-6.0 x 2.4-2.8 mm, the length of hatched larvae is 15 mm, at the end of the first instar-22 mm, at the end of the second instar-28-31 mm, in well-fed larvae of the third instar-35-37 mm. The larvae fed on earthworms, which they hunted in all the layers of soil where they lived. Hungry larvae, especially of the third instar, hunted in the evening and on the soil surface. Eggs developed on average for 12 days, larvae of the first instar-12 days, larvae of the second instar-13-15 days, larvae of the third instar-20-23 days. The pupa develops in 14-15 days. Males developed much faster, and the development cycle to adult was 71 days, females-77 days. 10 beetles were bred - 3 males and 7 females. The size of males was 24-26 mm, females 25-28 mm. Wintering went in a cool cellar successfully. The first copulations were recorded on May 15, and egg laying was extended from May 25 to July 11 in laboratory conditions. In total, 7 females laid 65 eggs, but many of them did not develop, and young larvae also developed poorly. 10 larvae survived to the age of 3, of which 5 pupated, but all pupae died. The reason for this, according to M. A. Stiprais, was probably the increased temperature in the laboratory in July. And due to the drought, there were interruptions in the supply of food (earthworms) to the larvae in time. Cultivation of this species in laboratory conditions can be considered feasible if food is available and cooler conditions are created in summer, which corresponds to the climate of its habitats in the natural environment.

Bio-preferendum.
Lesnoy
Lugo-forest,
subalpine Meadow,

Hygro-preferendum.
Mesophile

Economic significance.
-

Sources.
Stiprais, 1964; Retezar, 2008

Time of imago activity.
05 (V, May) - 1st decade,
05 (V, May) - 2nd decade,
05 (V, May) - 3rd decade,
06 (VI, June) - 1st decade,
06 (VI, June) - 2nd decade,
06 (VI, June) - 3rd decade,
07 (VII, July) - 1st decade,
07 (VII, July) - 2nd decade,
07 (VII, July) - 3rd decade,
08 (VIII, August) - 1st decade,
08 (VIII, August) - 2nd decade,
08 (VIII, August) - 3rd decade,
09 (IX, September) - 1st decade
09 (IX, September) - 2nd decade
09 (IX, September) - 3rd decade
Wintering is marked

Occurrence by region in Eastern Europe:
Russia - Adygea,
Russia-Krasnodar Krai,

When is the CD release planned?

And how to buy it

The amount of information is simply gigantic, a lot of incomprehensible taxa, now Ruslan and I are dealing with European morphocarabuses and actively driving in databases by images and categories. If everything is fine, just out of 250-270 taxa, there are not enough about 20-23 available now, then probably with these assumptions, so it is easy to change and add the database and add images, at the beginning of 2010 or at the end of it. It is also necessary to create a new concept for the multi-input determinant of the illustrated pantomime key, there are some developments-they are currently being tested.
All comments are accepted, and Yandex. Disk will naturally retain authorship for either information or photos of some interesting forms and taxa.
For more detailed information, please contact us in person by e-mail
iasolodov@mail.ru there I can throw off the list of missing taxa for yandex. disk, maybe someone will help me with something , since time is running out.

Some photos from Biberstein

Pictures:

C__Tribax__biebershteini_total_01_01.jpg — (216.99к)