Notodontidae (more than 500 photos!)

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29.01.2008 23:23, Pavel Morozov

The genus Furcula Lamarck, 1816 is rather monotonous and widespread
. It is distributed almost throughout the Holarctic, in general, except for the polar, very high-altitude and purely arid regions.
F. furcula, F. furcula, F. furcula sangaica (female from Primorye) and F. bicuspis (also from Primorye) are already represented in this topic. You can see them on the first page of the topic.
According to Schintlmeister, 1989 F. bicuspis infumata (sometimes an independent species of F. infumata) is just a form. The taxon Furcula furcula kurilensis has subspecific status.

This is a male Furcula furcula sangaica, (called F. lanigera by some authors). Distribution - Far East, China and Korea. A copy from the Chinese province of Jianxi. Male

Pictures:
picture: Furcula_furcula_sangaica.JPG

Furcula_furcula_sangaica.JPG — (256.97к)

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30.01.2008 12:30, Grigory Grigoryev

If I am not mistaken, Schintlmeister's well-known work with the revision of the Furcula genus was published somewhere from 1998-200. (I'll clarify later).
Since I was interested in views from the territory of the former USSR, here is the layout for them:

Furcula terminata (Wiltshire, 1958)
Furcula mimonovi (Schintlmeister, 1998)
Furcula bifida (Brahm, 1787)
Furcula gorbunovi (Schintlmeister, 1998)
Furcula interrupta (Christoph, 1867) - agrees with MOROZZZ on the species status
of Furcula bicuspis (Borkhausen, 1790)
Furcula danieli (Schintlmeister, 1998)
Furcula aeruginosa (Christoph, 1873)
Furcula furcula (Clerck, 1759)

The petri taxon became a subspecies within aeruginosa (Furcula aeruginosa petri Alpheraky, 1882), and some butterflies previously considered petri became mimonovi.
The altaica taxon became a subspecies within furcula (Furcula furcula altaica Schintlmeister, 1998).

Subspecies of furcula can be identified later, because there is no work in the hands of Schintlmeister.

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30.01.2008 17:58, Pavel Morozov

Well, here we go.
I copy from the revision itself "Notes on some asiatic Furcula Lamarck, 1816"
Here the author describes the groups furcula and bifida
Species and subspecies
Furcula furcula forficula-Balkans, Eastern Europe, Turkey
furcula turcica-Turkey
furcula persica-Elburs Mountains, Azerbaijan, Dagestan
furcula pulvigera-North Caucasus, Armenia, Georgia, Turkish Black Sea coast seas (Kars Province)
furcula altaica-Altai
furcula sangaica-Japan, Korea, North and East China, Primorye, Amur region, Siberia west to Sayan
furcula intercalaris-China, Shanxi

Furcula aeruginosa aeruginosa - Don and Volga region, steppes of the Southern Urals
aeruginosa sibirica-Western Siberia, Altai
aeruginosa mongolica - Western Mongolia, Tuva, North-eastern Kazakhstan
aeruginosa petri - Northern Kazakhstan, Ili River Valley, North-eastern slopes of the Chinese Tien Shan
aeruginosa ludovicior - Southern slopes of the Chinese Tien Shan

Furcula terminata - Northeastern Afghanistan, Western Tien Shan, Alai Region.

Furcula bifida bifida - North Africa, Europe (including the Mediterranean islands), Turkey, Caucasus, Ural, Altai and Mongolia

Furcula interspersa - Northwest Africa

Furcula gorbunovi - Northern Tajikistan, Southern Kyrgyzstan

Furcula pakistana - Northern Pakistan, Ladakh

Furcula danieli - Central Asia south of the Aral Sea, Kopetdag, Southwestern Tajikistan,?Azerbaijan

Furcula turbida - Southwestern Iran

Furcula interrupta - from Krasnoarmeysk through Transcaucasia, to the Middle East

Furcula mimonovi - Central Asia south of the Aral Sea, Southwestern Tajikistan

This post was edited by Morozzz - 30.01.2008 22: 25

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01.02.2008 19:53, Pavel Morozov

At the request of PG18, I print information on Furcula aeruginosa.
Данные из A. Schintlmeister "Notes on some asiatic Furcula Lamarck, 1816 (Lepidoptera: Notodontidae" 03.1998.
I'm translating it.
Furcula aeruginosa (Christoph, 1873)
" The species is characterized by a yellowish background of the forewings. The median field has an "additional black band", in the basal and postmedial parts different from other species of this group (furcula group, approx. Morozzz).
The genitals of males are similar to furcula, but the genital examination of females also did not reveal significant differences from furcula.
F. aeruginosa - the oldest known name for a complex of subspecies, most of which were later separated into a separate species.
It is worth noting that aeruginosa and furcula are never found together, except in Novokuznetsk, where both species were collected overnight."
Further, the author points out that" although morphological differences are only in the details of the color and pattern of the forewings, zoogeographic data exclude the conspecificity of taxa. In the future, the study of the preimaginal stages of F. aeruiginosa is welcome."

Thus, the species is distinguished based on zoogeographic data. The caterpillar, as I understand it, is not yet known.

This post was edited by Morozzz - 02/01/2008 23: 19

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01.02.2008 23:13, Pavel Morozov

Thanks for the info!
so what is the range of aeruginosa? from where to where?

The range is as follows: from the lower reaches of the Don in the northeast to the middle Volga and east to the Volga Delta and Southern Urals - subspecies aeruginosa
Western Siberia, Altai-subspecies sibirica
Further-western Mongolia, Tuva and North-eastern Kazakhstan-subspecies mongolica
Further south from the river valley. Or east to the northeastern slopes of the Chinese Tien Shan-subspecies petri
Nu, and the southern slopes of the Chinese Tien Shan-subspecies ludovicior

It is obtained from the lower Don River in the west to Mongolia in the east, and from the middle Volga in the north to the southern Tien Shan in the south

This post was edited by Morozzz - 02/01/2008 23: 13

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02.02.2008 9:13, PG18

To Morozzz: Thank you! I would like to use this information in the South Ural book, which will illustrate both F. furcula and F. aeruginosa.

It is likely that the species are allopatric (geographically replacing each other [somewhere within the steppe zone: furcula in the north, aeruginosa in the south]). But what is interesting is that they seem to have an excellent mechanism that prevents interbreeding: according to my observations last year in the Orenburg region, the peak summer of the first species (furcula) fell in the second half of May, and the second (aeruginosa) - at the end of June - beginning of July.

I leave pictures of both here:

picture: 49_Furcula_furcula_0209_______0.jpg